TY - JOUR
T1 - "wine-dark sea" in an organic flow battery
T2 - Storing negative charge in 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole radicals leads to improved cyclability
AU - Duan, Wentao
AU - Huang, Jinhua
AU - Kowalski, Jeffrey A.
AU - Shkrob, Ilya A.
AU - Vijayakumar, M.
AU - Walter, Eric
AU - Pan, Baofei
AU - Yang, Zheng
AU - Milshtein, Jarrod D.
AU - Li, Bin
AU - Liao, Chen
AU - Zhang, Zhengcheng
AU - Wang, Wei
AU - Liu, Jun
AU - Moore, Jeffery S.
AU - Brushett, Fikile R.
AU - Zhang, Lu
AU - Wei, Xiaoliang
N1 - Funding Information:
The research was financially supported by the Joint Center for Energy Storage Research (JCESR), an Energy Innovation Hub funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences. EPR measurement was supported by the William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL), a national scientific user facility sponsored by DOE’s Office of Biological and Environmental Research. PNNL is a multiprogram national laboratory operated by Battelle for DOE under Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830.
PY - 2017/5/12
Y1 - 2017/5/12
N2 - Redox-Active organic materials (ROMs) have shown great promise for redox flow battery applications but generally encounter limited cycling efficiency and stability at relevant redox material concentrations in nonaqueous systems. Here we report a new heterocyclic organic anolyte molecule, 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole, that has high solubility, a low redox potential, and fast electrochemical kinetics. Coupling it with a benchmark catholyte ROM, the nonaqueous organic flow battery demonstrated significant improvement in cyclable redox material concentrations and cell efficiencies compared to the state-of-The-Art nonaqueous systems. Especially, this system produced exceeding cyclability with relatively stable efficiencies and capacities at high ROM concentrations (>0.5 M), which is ascribed to the highly delocalized charge densities in the radical anions of 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole, leading to good chemical stability. This material development represents significant progress toward promising next-generation energy storage.
AB - Redox-Active organic materials (ROMs) have shown great promise for redox flow battery applications but generally encounter limited cycling efficiency and stability at relevant redox material concentrations in nonaqueous systems. Here we report a new heterocyclic organic anolyte molecule, 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole, that has high solubility, a low redox potential, and fast electrochemical kinetics. Coupling it with a benchmark catholyte ROM, the nonaqueous organic flow battery demonstrated significant improvement in cyclable redox material concentrations and cell efficiencies compared to the state-of-The-Art nonaqueous systems. Especially, this system produced exceeding cyclability with relatively stable efficiencies and capacities at high ROM concentrations (>0.5 M), which is ascribed to the highly delocalized charge densities in the radical anions of 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole, leading to good chemical stability. This material development represents significant progress toward promising next-generation energy storage.
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U2 - 10.1021/acsenergylett.7b00261
DO - 10.1021/acsenergylett.7b00261
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85032719030
SN - 2380-8195
VL - 2
SP - 1156
EP - 1161
JO - ACS Energy Letters
JF - ACS Energy Letters
IS - 5
ER -