TY - JOUR
T1 - Who Bears the Economic Burdens of Environmental Regulations?
AU - Fullerton, Don
AU - Muehlegger, Erich
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Association of Environmental and Resource Economists. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: [email protected].
PY - 2019/2/1
Y1 - 2019/2/1
N2 - A well-developed literature in public economics studies tax incidence-the ultimate distributional impacts of taxes. We draw on this literature to examine not only the distributional effects of environmental taxes or subsidies, but also the likely incidence of nontax regulations such as energy efficiency standards or other environmental mandates. We describe how the distributional effects of environmental policies can be altered by various market conditions, including limited factor mobility, trade exposure, evasion, corruption, or imperfect competition. Finally, we apply these lessons to study carbon policy around the world, as we examine the potential distributional consequences of a worldwide carbon tax on countries with different carbon intensities and different levels of per capita income.
AB - A well-developed literature in public economics studies tax incidence-the ultimate distributional impacts of taxes. We draw on this literature to examine not only the distributional effects of environmental taxes or subsidies, but also the likely incidence of nontax regulations such as energy efficiency standards or other environmental mandates. We describe how the distributional effects of environmental policies can be altered by various market conditions, including limited factor mobility, trade exposure, evasion, corruption, or imperfect competition. Finally, we apply these lessons to study carbon policy around the world, as we examine the potential distributional consequences of a worldwide carbon tax on countries with different carbon intensities and different levels of per capita income.
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U2 - 10.1093/reep/rey023
DO - 10.1093/reep/rey023
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85062492993
SN - 1750-6816
VL - 13
SP - 62
EP - 82
JO - Review of Environmental Economics and Policy
JF - Review of Environmental Economics and Policy
IS - 1
ER -