TY - JOUR
T1 - Ways of looking ahead
T2 - Hierarchical planning in language production
AU - Lee, Eun Kyung
AU - Brown-Schmidt, Sarah
AU - Watson, Duane G.
N1 - Funding Information:
We would like to thank Dominique Simmons for assistance with data collection. Duane G. Watson and Eun-Kyung Lee were supported by NIH Grant R01DC008774 and the James S. McDonnell foundation.
PY - 2013/12
Y1 - 2013/12
N2 - It is generally assumed that language production proceeds incrementally, with chunks of linguistic structure planned ahead of speech. Extensive research has examined the scope of language production and suggests that the size of planned chunks varies across contexts (Ferreira & Swets, 2002; Wagner & Jescheniak, 2010). By contrast, relatively little is known about the structure of advance planning, specifically whether planning proceeds incrementally according to the surface structure of the utterance, or whether speakers plan according to the hierarchical relationships between utterance elements. In two experiments, we examine the structure and scope of lexical planning in language production using a picture description task. Analyses of speech onset times and word durations show that speakers engage in hierarchical planning such that structurally dependent lexical items are planned together and that hierarchical planning occurs for both direct and indirect dependencies.
AB - It is generally assumed that language production proceeds incrementally, with chunks of linguistic structure planned ahead of speech. Extensive research has examined the scope of language production and suggests that the size of planned chunks varies across contexts (Ferreira & Swets, 2002; Wagner & Jescheniak, 2010). By contrast, relatively little is known about the structure of advance planning, specifically whether planning proceeds incrementally according to the surface structure of the utterance, or whether speakers plan according to the hierarchical relationships between utterance elements. In two experiments, we examine the structure and scope of lexical planning in language production using a picture description task. Analyses of speech onset times and word durations show that speakers engage in hierarchical planning such that structurally dependent lexical items are planned together and that hierarchical planning occurs for both direct and indirect dependencies.
KW - Hierarchical planning
KW - Language production
KW - Planning scope
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U2 - 10.1016/j.cognition.2013.08.007
DO - 10.1016/j.cognition.2013.08.007
M3 - Article
C2 - 24045002
AN - SCOPUS:84884127125
SN - 0010-0277
VL - 129
SP - 544
EP - 562
JO - Cognition
JF - Cognition
IS - 3
ER -