TY - JOUR
T1 - Water toxicity evaluations
T2 - Comparing genetically modified bioluminescent bacteria and CHO cells as biomonitoring tools
AU - Manivannan, Bhuvaneshwari
AU - Massalha, Nedal
AU - Halahlih, Fares
AU - Eltzov, Evgeni
AU - Nguyen, Thanh H.
AU - Sabbah, Isam
AU - Borisover, Mikhail
N1 - Funding Information:
The GMB bacterial study was supported by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture (US)/US-Israel Binational Agricultural R&D fund (NIFA- BARD grant #8318-16 ) and the ARO Postdoctoral Fellowship program (M. Bhuvaneshwari). The support from USDA (grant #2017-68007-26307 ) is appreciated. The Israel Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) provided support for Nedal Massalha. The CHO cell line study was supported by funding from the Galilee Society Institute of Applied Research, Shefa-Amr, Israel. There are no conflicts of interest to be declared.
Funding Information:
The GMB bacterial study was supported by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture (US)/US-Israel Binational Agricultural R&D fund (NIFA-BARD grant #8318-16) and the ARO Postdoctoral Fellowship program (M. Bhuvaneshwari). The support from USDA (grant #2017-68007-26307) is appreciated. The Israel Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) provided support for Nedal Massalha. The CHO cell line study was supported by funding from the Galilee Society Institute of Applied Research, Shefa-Amr, Israel. There are no conflicts of interest to be declared.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 Elsevier Inc.
PY - 2020/10/15
Y1 - 2020/10/15
N2 - The use of water for drinking and agriculture requires knowledge of its toxicity. In this study, we compared the use of genetically modified bioluminescent (GMB) bacteria whose luminescence increases in the presence of toxicants and Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells for the characterization of the toxicity of water samples collected from a lake and streams, hydroponic and aquaponic farms, and a wastewater treatment plant. GMB bacteria were used to probe genotoxicity, cytotoxicity and reactive oxygen species-induced effects in the whole water samples. Unlike GMB bacteria, the use of CHO cells requires XAD resin-based pre-concentration of toxic material present in water samples for the subsequent cytotoxicity assay. In addition to the examination of the toxicity of the water from the different sources, the GMB bacteria were also used to test the XAD extracts diluted to the concentrations causing 50% growth inhibition of the CHO cells. The two biomonitoring tools provided different results when they were used to test the above-mentioned diluted XAD extracts. A pre-concentration procedure based on adsorption by XAD resins with subsequent elution was not sufficient to represent the material responsible for the toxicity of the whole water samples toward the GMB bacteria. Therefore, the use of XAD resin extracts may lead to major underestimates of the toxicity of water samples. Although the toxicity findings obtained using the GMB bacteria and CHO cells may not correlate with each another, the GMB bacteria assay did provide a mechanism-specific biomonitoring tool to probe the toxicity of water samples without a need for the pre-concentration step.
AB - The use of water for drinking and agriculture requires knowledge of its toxicity. In this study, we compared the use of genetically modified bioluminescent (GMB) bacteria whose luminescence increases in the presence of toxicants and Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells for the characterization of the toxicity of water samples collected from a lake and streams, hydroponic and aquaponic farms, and a wastewater treatment plant. GMB bacteria were used to probe genotoxicity, cytotoxicity and reactive oxygen species-induced effects in the whole water samples. Unlike GMB bacteria, the use of CHO cells requires XAD resin-based pre-concentration of toxic material present in water samples for the subsequent cytotoxicity assay. In addition to the examination of the toxicity of the water from the different sources, the GMB bacteria were also used to test the XAD extracts diluted to the concentrations causing 50% growth inhibition of the CHO cells. The two biomonitoring tools provided different results when they were used to test the above-mentioned diluted XAD extracts. A pre-concentration procedure based on adsorption by XAD resins with subsequent elution was not sufficient to represent the material responsible for the toxicity of the whole water samples toward the GMB bacteria. Therefore, the use of XAD resin extracts may lead to major underestimates of the toxicity of water samples. Although the toxicity findings obtained using the GMB bacteria and CHO cells may not correlate with each another, the GMB bacteria assay did provide a mechanism-specific biomonitoring tool to probe the toxicity of water samples without a need for the pre-concentration step.
KW - Aquatic toxicology
KW - Bioluminescent bacteria
KW - Chinese hamster ovary
KW - Pre-concentration
KW - Toxic effects
KW - Water quality
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85088095230&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85088095230&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110984
DO - 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110984
M3 - Article
C2 - 32888605
AN - SCOPUS:85088095230
VL - 203
JO - Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
JF - Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
SN - 0147-6513
M1 - 110984
ER -