TY - JOUR
T1 - Twice-daily oral administration of a cannabidiol and cannabidiolic acid–rich hemp extract was well tolerated in orange-winged Amazon parrots (Amazona amazonica) and has a favorable pharmacokinetic profile
AU - Sosa-Higareda, Mariana
AU - Guzman, David Sanchez Migallon
AU - Knych, Heather
AU - Lyubimov, Alex
AU - Zakharov, Alexander
AU - Gomez, Beatriz
AU - Beaufrère, Hugues
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023, American Veterinary Medical Association. All rights reserved.
PY - 2023/4
Y1 - 2023/4
N2 - OBJECTIVE To determine the pharmacokinetics of 8 cannabinoids and 5 metabolites after oral administration of single and multiple doses of a cannabidiol (CBD)-cannabidiolic acid (CBDA)–rich hemp extract to orange-winged Amazon parrots (Amazona amazonica) as well as to evaluate the extract’s adverse effects. ANIMALS 12 birds. PROCEDURES Based on pilot studies, a single-dose study based on 30/32.5 mg/kg of cannabidiol/cannabidiolic acid of a hemp extract was administered orally to 8 fasted parrots, and 10 blood samples were collected over 24 hours after administration. After a 4-week washout period, the hemp extract was administered orally to 7 birds at the previous dose every 12 hours for 7 days, and blood samples were collected at the previous time points. Cannabidiol, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabinol, cannabichromene, cannabigerol, cannabidiolic acid, cannabigerolic acid, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid, and 5 specific metabolites were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem/ mass-spectrometry, and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated. Adverse effects and changes in the plasma biochemistry and lipid panels were evaluated. RESULTS Pharmacokineticparameters for cannabidiol, cannabidiolicacid,Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol,Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid, and the metabolite 11-hydroxy-9-tetrahydrocannabinol were established. For the multiple-dose study, cannabidiol/cannabidiolic acid mean Cmax was 337.4/602.1 ng/mL with a tmax of 30 minutes and a terminal half-life of 8.6/6.29 hours, respectively. No adverse effects were detected during the multidose study. The predominant metabolite was 11-hydroxy-9-tetrahydrocannabinol. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Twice daily oral administration of the hemp extract based on 30 mg/kg/32.5 mg/kg of cannabidiol/cannabidiolic acid was well tolerated and maintained plasma concentrations considered to be therapeutic in dogs with osteoar-thritis. Findings suggest different cannabinoid metabolism from mammals.
AB - OBJECTIVE To determine the pharmacokinetics of 8 cannabinoids and 5 metabolites after oral administration of single and multiple doses of a cannabidiol (CBD)-cannabidiolic acid (CBDA)–rich hemp extract to orange-winged Amazon parrots (Amazona amazonica) as well as to evaluate the extract’s adverse effects. ANIMALS 12 birds. PROCEDURES Based on pilot studies, a single-dose study based on 30/32.5 mg/kg of cannabidiol/cannabidiolic acid of a hemp extract was administered orally to 8 fasted parrots, and 10 blood samples were collected over 24 hours after administration. After a 4-week washout period, the hemp extract was administered orally to 7 birds at the previous dose every 12 hours for 7 days, and blood samples were collected at the previous time points. Cannabidiol, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabinol, cannabichromene, cannabigerol, cannabidiolic acid, cannabigerolic acid, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid, and 5 specific metabolites were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem/ mass-spectrometry, and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated. Adverse effects and changes in the plasma biochemistry and lipid panels were evaluated. RESULTS Pharmacokineticparameters for cannabidiol, cannabidiolicacid,Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol,Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid, and the metabolite 11-hydroxy-9-tetrahydrocannabinol were established. For the multiple-dose study, cannabidiol/cannabidiolic acid mean Cmax was 337.4/602.1 ng/mL with a tmax of 30 minutes and a terminal half-life of 8.6/6.29 hours, respectively. No adverse effects were detected during the multidose study. The predominant metabolite was 11-hydroxy-9-tetrahydrocannabinol. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Twice daily oral administration of the hemp extract based on 30 mg/kg/32.5 mg/kg of cannabidiol/cannabidiolic acid was well tolerated and maintained plasma concentrations considered to be therapeutic in dogs with osteoar-thritis. Findings suggest different cannabinoid metabolism from mammals.
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U2 - 10.2460/ajvr.22.11.0197
DO - 10.2460/ajvr.22.11.0197
M3 - Article
C2 - 36795552
AN - SCOPUS:85151574959
SN - 0002-9645
VL - 84
JO - American journal of veterinary research
JF - American journal of veterinary research
IS - 4
ER -