@article{da6da7670f95435f8cc90a633570b469,
title = "Transgenerational Plasticity in Human-Altered Environments",
abstract = "Our ability to predict how species will respond to human-induced rapid environmental change (HIREC) may depend upon our understanding of transgenerational plasticity (TGP), which occurs when environments experienced by previous generations influence phenotypes of subsequent generations. TGP evolved to help organisms cope with environmental stressors when parental environments are highly predictive of offspring environments. HIREC can alter conditions that favored TGP in historical environments by reducing parents{\textquoteright} ability to detect environmental conditions, disrupting previous correlations between parental and offspring environments, and interfering with the transmission of parental cues to offspring. Because of the propensity to produce errors in these processes, TGP will likely generate negative fitness outcomes in response to HIREC, though beneficial fitness outcomes may occur in some cases.",
keywords = "HIREC, climate change, human-induced rapid environmental change, maternal effects, parental effects, phenotypic plasticity",
author = "Donelan, {Sarah C.} and Hellmann, {Jennifer K.} and Bell, {Alison M.} and Barney Luttbeg and Orrock, {John L.} and Sheriff, {Michael J.} and Andrew Sih",
note = "Funding Information: We thank M. Bensky for creating the images for Figure 1 and S. Gignoux-Wolfsohn, R. Fletcher, and three anonymous reviewers for providing helpful comments that improved the manuscript. While writing the manuscript, J.K.H. was supported by a National Institutes of Health NRSA fellowship (award #F32GM121033), S.C.D. was supported by a Smithsonian Institutional Postdoctoral Fellowship, A.M.B. was supported by NSF IOS-1121980 and 191100 and NIH 2R01GM082937-06A1, B.L. was supported by NSF IOS-1557831, and A.S. was supported by NSF IOS-1456724. Funding Information: We thank M. Bensky for creating the images for Figure 1 and S. Gignoux-Wolfsohn, R. Fletcher, and three anonymous reviewers for providing helpful comments that improved the manuscript. While writing the manuscript, J.K.H. was supported by a National Institutes of Health NRSA fellowship (award #F32GM121033), S.C.D. was supported by a Smithsonian Institutional Postdoctoral Fellowship, A.M.B. was supported by NSF IOS-1121980 and 191100 and NIH 2R01GM082937-06A1, B.L. was supported by NSF IOS-1557831, and A.S. was supported by NSF IOS-1456724. Autocorrelation similarity between environmental conditions in a temporal or spatial series. Cue reliability how well environmental cues reflect environmental conditions. Diversified bet hedging (DBH) when parents increase phenotypic variance in their offspring to lower the variance in genotypic fitness; can be a type of TGP if the parents{\textquoteright} environment modifies offspring phenotypic variation. Ecological trap a type of evolutionary trap; when organisms choose a suboptimal habitat, even though there is a better quality habitat available, because previously reliable environmental cues have become unreliable. Environmental mismatch when the parents{\textquoteright} environment differs from the offspring{\textquoteright}s environment; can result in phenotypic mismatches. Environmental variability the extent to which environmental conditions vary from the mean. Evolutionary trap when an environmental change reduces the reliability of previously reliable environmental cues, such that previously adaptive phenotypes become maladaptive. Human-induced rapid environmental change (HIREC) environmental change caused by human activities that is occurring at scales and magnitudes faster and larger than those that organisms have likely experienced in their evolutionary past. Phenotypic mismatch when individuals express a phenotype that is inappropriate for their current environmental conditions. Sensitive window a period of development where an individual{\textquoteright}s environment shapes phenotypic development more strongly relative to other life stages. Transgenerational plasticity (TGP) the effect of a previous generation{\textquoteright}s environment on the phenotypes of a subsequent generation (also referred to as intergenerational plasticity). TGP can act through maternal or paternal pathways via a variety of mechanisms (see Box 2 for common TGP mechanisms) and can also include grandparental effects, which we do not discuss here. Within-generational plasticity (WGP) the effect of an individual{\textquoteright}s experience on their phenotype. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019 Elsevier Ltd",
year = "2020",
month = feb,
doi = "10.1016/j.tree.2019.09.003",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "35",
pages = "115--124",
journal = "Trends in Ecology and Evolution",
issn = "0169-5347",
publisher = "Elsevier Limited",
number = "2",
}