TY - JOUR
T1 - The structure of diversity within new world mitochondrial DNA haplogroups
T2 - Implications for the prehistory of North America
AU - Malhi, Ripan S.
AU - Eshleman, Jason A.
AU - Greenberg, Jonathan A.
AU - Weiss, Deborah A.
AU - Schultz Shook, Beth A.
AU - Kaestle, Frederika A.
AU - Lorenz, Joseph G.
AU - Kemp, Brian M.
AU - Johnson, John R.
AU - Glenn Smith, David
N1 - Funding Information:
We would like to thank Dr. Robert Bettinger and two anonymous reviewers, for their suggestions and insights. We are indebted to numerous personnel of Indian Health Service Facilities, where most of the samples studied were obtained, as well as to individuals who provided samples used in this analysis and to the Native Americans who authorized their use. This study was supported by National Institutes of Health grants RR00169 and RR05090, by National Science Foundation grants GER9255683 and SBR9630926, and by a National Science Foundation dissertation improvement grant (to R.S.M.).
PY - 2002
Y1 - 2002
N2 - The mitochondrial DNA haplogroups and hypervariable segment I (HVSI) sequences of 1,612 and 395 Native North Americans, respectively, were analyzed to identify major prehistoric population events in North America. Gene maps and spatial autocorrelation analyses suggest that populations with high frequencies of haplogroups A, B, and X experienced prehistoric population expansions in the North, Southwest, and Great Lakes region, respectively. Haplotype networks showing high levels of reticulation and high frequencies of nodal haplotypes support these results. The haplotype networks suggest the existence of additional founding lineages within haplogroups B and C; however, because of the hypervariability exhibited by the HVSI data set, similar haplotypes exhibited in Asia and America could be due to convergence rather than common ancestry. The hypervariability and reticulation preclude the use of estimates of genetic diversity within haplogroups to argue for the number of migrations to the Americas.
AB - The mitochondrial DNA haplogroups and hypervariable segment I (HVSI) sequences of 1,612 and 395 Native North Americans, respectively, were analyzed to identify major prehistoric population events in North America. Gene maps and spatial autocorrelation analyses suggest that populations with high frequencies of haplogroups A, B, and X experienced prehistoric population expansions in the North, Southwest, and Great Lakes region, respectively. Haplotype networks showing high levels of reticulation and high frequencies of nodal haplotypes support these results. The haplotype networks suggest the existence of additional founding lineages within haplogroups B and C; however, because of the hypervariability exhibited by the HVSI data set, similar haplotypes exhibited in Asia and America could be due to convergence rather than common ancestry. The hypervariability and reticulation preclude the use of estimates of genetic diversity within haplogroups to argue for the number of migrations to the Americas.
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U2 - 10.1086/339690
DO - 10.1086/339690
M3 - Article
C2 - 11845406
AN - SCOPUS:18344376524
SN - 0002-9297
VL - 70
SP - 905
EP - 919
JO - American Journal of Human Genetics
JF - American Journal of Human Genetics
IS - 4
ER -