TY - JOUR
T1 - The Sloan Digital Sky Survey Reverberation Mapping Project
T2 - Key Results
AU - Shen, Yue
AU - Grier, Catherine J.
AU - Horne, Keith
AU - Stone, Zachary
AU - Li, Jennifer I.
AU - Yang, Qian
AU - Homayouni, Yasaman
AU - Trump, Jonathan R.
AU - Anderson, Scott F.
AU - Brandt, W. N.
AU - Hall, Patrick B.
AU - Ho, Luis C.
AU - Jiang, Linhua
AU - Petitjean, Patrick
AU - Schneider, Donald P.
AU - Tao, Charling
AU - Donnan, Fergus R.
AU - AlSayyad, Yusra
AU - Bershady, Matthew A.
AU - Blanton, Michael R.
AU - Bizyaev, Dmitry
AU - Bundy, Kevin
AU - Chen, Yuguang
AU - Davis, Megan C.
AU - Dawson, Kyle
AU - Fan, Xiaohui
AU - Greene, Jenny E.
AU - Gröller, Hannes
AU - Guo, Yucheng
AU - Ibarra-Medel, Héctor
AU - Jiang, Yuanzhe
AU - Keenan, Ryan P.
AU - Kollmeier, Juna A.
AU - Lejoly, Cassandra
AU - Li, Zefeng
AU - de la Macorra, Axel
AU - Moe, Maxwell
AU - Nie, Jundan
AU - Rossi, Graziano
AU - Smith, Paul S.
AU - Tee, Wei Leong
AU - Weijmans, Anne Marie
AU - Xu, Jiachuan
AU - Yue, Minghao
AU - Zhou, Xu
AU - Zhou, Zhimin
AU - Zou, Hu
N1 - The PS1 has been made possible through contributions by the Institute for Astronomy, the University of Hawaii, the Pan-STARRS Project Office, the Max-Planck Society and its participating institutes, the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg and the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, The Johns Hopkins University, Durham University, the University of Edinburgh, Queen\u2019s University Belfast, the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, the Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network Incorporated, the National Central University of Taiwan, the Space Telescope Science Institute, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under grant No. NNX08AR22G issued through the Planetary Science Division of the NASA Science Mission Directorate, the National Science Foundation under grant No. AST-1238877, the University of Maryland, and Eotvos Lorand University (ELTE).
ZTF. Based on observations obtained with the Samuel Oschin 48-inch Telescope at the Palomar Observatory as part of the Zwicky Transient Facility project. ZTF is supported by the National Science Foundation under grant No. AST-1440341 and a collaboration including Caltech, IPAC, the Weizmann Institute for Science, the Oskar Klein Center at Stockholm University, the University of Maryland, the University of Washington, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron and Humboldt University, Los Alamos National Laboratories, the TANGO Consortium of Taiwan, the University of Wisconsin at Milwaukee, and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratories. Operations are conducted by COO, IPAC, and UW.
This work is based on observations obtained with MegaPrime/MegaCam, a joint project of CFHT and CEA/DAPNIA, at the Canada\u2013France\u2013Hawaii Telescope (CFHT), which is operated by the National Research Council (NRC) of Canada, the Institut National des Sciences de l\u2019Univers of the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique of France, and the University of Hawaii. The authors recognize the cultural importance of the summit of Maunakea to a broad cross section of the Native Hawaiian community. The astronomical community is most fortunate to have the opportunity to conduct observations from this mountain.
We thank the referee for comments that improved the manuscript, and Pu Du, Yan-Rong Li, and Aaron Barth for useful discussions. Y.S. acknowledges support from NSF grants AST-1715579 and AST-2009947. C.J.G. acknowledges support from NSF grants AST-2009949 and AST-2108667. J.I.L. is supported by the Eric and Wendy Schmidt AI in Science Postdoctoral Fellowship, a Schmidt Futures program. Y.H. was supported as an Eberly Research Fellow by the Eberly College of Science at the Pennsylvania State University. J.R.T. acknowledges support from NSF grants CAREER-1945546, AST-2009539, and AST-2108668. W.N.B. acknowledges support from NSF grant AST-2106990 and the Eberly Endowment at Penn State. L.C.H. was supported by the National Science Foundation of China (11721303, 11991052, 12011540375, 12233001) and the China Manned Space Project (CMS-CSST-2021-A04, CMS-CSST-2021-A06). C.T. acknowledges Tsinghua University for the support to her work.
Funding for the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science, and the Participating Institutions. SDSS-IV acknowledges support and resources from the Center for High-Performance Computing at the University of Utah. The SDSS website is www.sdss.org. SDSS-IV is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions of the SDSS Collaboration including the Brazilian Participation Group, the Carnegie Institution for Science, Carnegie Mellon University, the Chilean Participation Group, the French Participation Group, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Instituto de Astrof\u00EDsica de Canarias, The Johns Hopkins University, Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (IPMU) / University of Tokyo, the Korean Participation Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Leibniz Institut f\u00FCr Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP), Max-Planck-Institut f\u00FCr Astronomie (MPIA Heidelberg), Max-Planck-Institut f\u00FCr Astrophysik (MPA Garching), Max-Planck-Institut f\u00FCr Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE), National Astronomical Observatories of China, New Mexico State University, New York University, University of Notre Dame, Observat\u00E1rio Nacional / MCTI, The Ohio State University, Pennsylvania State University, Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, United Kingdom Participation Group, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00F3noma de M\u00E9xico, University of Arizona, University of Colorado Boulder, University of Oxford, University of Portsmouth, University of Utah, University of Virginia, University of Washington, University of Wisconsin, Vanderbilt University, and Yale University.
PY - 2024/6/1
Y1 - 2024/6/1
N2 - We present the final data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Reverberation Mapping (RM) project, a precursor to the SDSS-V Black Hole Mapper RM program. This data set includes 11 yr photometric and 7 yr spectroscopic light curves for 849 broad-line quasars over a redshift range of 0.1 < z < 4.5 and a luminosity range of L bol = 1044−47.5 erg s−1, along with spectral and variability measurements. We report 23, 81, 125, and 110 RM lags (relative to optical continuum variability) for broad Hα, Hβ, Mg ii, and C iv using the SDSS-RM sample, spanning much of the luminosity and redshift ranges of the sample. Using 30 low-redshift RM active galactic nuclei with dynamical-modeling black hole masses, we derive a new estimate of the average virial factor of log f = 0.62 ± 0.07 for the line dispersion measured from the rms spectrum. The intrinsic scatter of individual virial factors is 0.31 ± 0.07 dex, indicating a factor of 2 systematic uncertainty in RM black hole masses. Our lag measurements reveal significant R-L relations for Hβ and Mg ii at high redshift, consistent with the latest measurements based on heterogeneous samples. While we are unable to robustly constrain the slope of the R-L relation for C iv given the limited dynamic range in luminosity, we found substantially larger scatter in C iv lags at fixed L 1350. Using the SDSS-RM lag sample, we derive improved single-epoch (SE) mass recipes for Hβ, Mg ii, and C iv, which are consistent with their respective RM masses as well as between the SE recipes from two different lines, over the luminosity range probed by our sample. The new Hβ and Mg ii recipes are approximately unbiased estimators at given RM masses, but there are systematic biases in the C iv recipe. The intrinsic scatter of SE masses around RM masses is ∼0.45 dex for Hβ and Mg ii, increasing to ∼0.58 dex for C iv.
AB - We present the final data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Reverberation Mapping (RM) project, a precursor to the SDSS-V Black Hole Mapper RM program. This data set includes 11 yr photometric and 7 yr spectroscopic light curves for 849 broad-line quasars over a redshift range of 0.1 < z < 4.5 and a luminosity range of L bol = 1044−47.5 erg s−1, along with spectral and variability measurements. We report 23, 81, 125, and 110 RM lags (relative to optical continuum variability) for broad Hα, Hβ, Mg ii, and C iv using the SDSS-RM sample, spanning much of the luminosity and redshift ranges of the sample. Using 30 low-redshift RM active galactic nuclei with dynamical-modeling black hole masses, we derive a new estimate of the average virial factor of log f = 0.62 ± 0.07 for the line dispersion measured from the rms spectrum. The intrinsic scatter of individual virial factors is 0.31 ± 0.07 dex, indicating a factor of 2 systematic uncertainty in RM black hole masses. Our lag measurements reveal significant R-L relations for Hβ and Mg ii at high redshift, consistent with the latest measurements based on heterogeneous samples. While we are unable to robustly constrain the slope of the R-L relation for C iv given the limited dynamic range in luminosity, we found substantially larger scatter in C iv lags at fixed L 1350. Using the SDSS-RM lag sample, we derive improved single-epoch (SE) mass recipes for Hβ, Mg ii, and C iv, which are consistent with their respective RM masses as well as between the SE recipes from two different lines, over the luminosity range probed by our sample. The new Hβ and Mg ii recipes are approximately unbiased estimators at given RM masses, but there are systematic biases in the C iv recipe. The intrinsic scatter of SE masses around RM masses is ∼0.45 dex for Hβ and Mg ii, increasing to ∼0.58 dex for C iv.
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U2 - 10.3847/1538-4365/ad3936
DO - 10.3847/1538-4365/ad3936
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85193510711
SN - 0067-0049
VL - 272
JO - Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series
JF - Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series
IS - 2
M1 - 26
ER -