The physiology of catch and release angling

Millions of people around the world fish recreationally, and capture hundreds of millions of fish. One strategy employed to conserve fisheries is the use of catch and release, whereby captured fish are returned to the water so they can be caught again rather than being harvested. The process of angling induces a host of physiological responses for fish, which subsequently leads to a range of outcomes moderated by a variety of factors. A thorough understanding of the physiological impacts of angling on individual fish can assist conservation practitioners, preserve fish populations, and protect valuable fisheries resources.