Abstract

Since the surge of microbiome research in the last decade, many studies have provided insight into the causes and consequences of changes in the gut microbiota. Among the multiple factors involved in regulating the microbiome, exogenous factors such as diet and environmental chemicals have been shown to alter the gut microbiome significantly. Although diet substantially contributes to changes in the gut microbiome, environmental chemicals are major contaminants in our food and are often overlooked. Herein, we summarize the current knowledge on major classes of environmental chemicals (bisphenols, phthalates, persistent organic pollutants, heavy metals, and pesticides) and their impact on the gut microbiome, which includes alterations in microbial composition, gene expression, function, and health effects in the host. We then discuss health-related implications of gut microbial changes, which include changes in metabolism, immunity, and neurological function.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Article numberkfaa065
Pages (from-to)253-284
Number of pages32
JournalToxicological Sciences
Volume176
Issue number2
DOIs
StatePublished - Aug 1 2020

Keywords

  • environmental chemicals
  • gut microbiome
  • health risks

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Toxicology

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