Temperature-enhanced alumina HPLC method for the analysis of wax esters, sterol esters, and methyl esters

Previous attempts at separating nonpolar lipid esters (including wax esters, sterol esters, and methyl esters) have achieved only limited success. Among the several normal-phase methods tested, a single recent report of a method employing an alumina column at 30°C with a binary gradient system was the most promising. In the current study, modification of the alumina method by increasing the column temperature to 75°C improved the separation of standards of wax esters and sterol esters. Elevated column temperature also enhanced the separation of FAME with differing degrees of unsaturation. Evidence was also presented to indicate that the method similarly separated phytosterol esters, based on their levels of unsaturation. With the increased interest in phytosterol- and phytostanol esterenriched functional foods, this method should provide a technique to characterize and compare these products.