Structure of tRNA Dimethylallyltransferase: RNA Modification through a Channel

Wei Xie, Chun Zhou, Raven H. Huang

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Dimethylallyltransferase (DMATase) transfers a five-carbon isoprenoid moiety from dimethylallyl pyrophosphate (DMAPP) to the amino group of adenosine at position 37 of certain tRNAs. Reported here are the crystal structures of Pseudomonas aeruginosa DMATase alone and in complex with pyrophosphate at 1.9 Å resolution. Surprisingly, the enzyme possesses a central channel spanning the entire width of the enzyme. Both the accepting substrate tRNA and the donating substrate DMAPP appear to enter the channel from opposite sides in an ordered sequence, with tRNA first and DMAPP second, and the RNA modification reaction occurs in the middle of the channel once the two substrates have met. The structure of DMATase is homologous to a class of small soluble kinases involved in biosynthesis of nucleotide precursors for nucleic acids, indicating its possibly evolutionary origin. Furthermore, specific recognition of the pyrophosphate by a conserved loop in DMATase, similar to the P-loop commonly seen in diverse nucleotide-binding proteins, demonstrates that DMATase is structurally and mechanistically distinct from farnesyltransferase, another family of prenyltransferases involved in protein modification.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)872-881
Number of pages10
JournalJournal of Molecular Biology
Volume367
Issue number3
DOIs
StatePublished - Mar 30 2007

Keywords

  • RNA modification
  • enzyme mechanism
  • protein channel
  • structural biology
  • tRNA

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Biophysics
  • Structural Biology
  • Molecular Biology

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