Sorting out bioactivity in flavonoid mixtures

Natural polyphenolic compounds, including flavonoids, which are synthesized by plants, have repeatedly been linked to multiple health benefits, but specific bioactive compounds or individualized roles have been difficult to interpret or to assign. This limitation has prevented the development of robust dietary recommendations. This paper describes a plant-cell-culture production approach that provides uniform yields of abundant natural mixtures of flavonoids from small molecules to high molecular weight oligomers and polymers. The flavonoids correspond to compounds produced in nature by the same plant genotypes; but, through elicitation tactics, the levels and the profiles of the flavonoid yield can be enhanced, and isolation from cell cultures is more rapid and streamlined than isolation from in vivo plant tissues. Introduction of ¹⁴C sucrose to the cell-culture medium enabled the recovery and the identification of biolabeled flavonoid mixtures, which could be easily tracked in serum of rats after gavage. The biolabeled materials are now being investigated to determine tissue localization, structures of bioactive components, and the interactions between flavonoid components that contribute to bioactive potential.