Solid-state "magic-angle" sample-spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic study of group III-V (13-15) semiconductors

We have obtained ²⁷Al, ⁶⁹Ga, ⁷¹Ga, ¹¹³In, and ¹¹⁵In static and "magic-angle" sample-spinning (MASS) solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of a series of polycrystalline III-V semiconductors (AlN, AlP, AlAs, AlSb, GaN, GaP, GaAs, GaSb, InN, InP, InAs, and InSb) at magnetic field strengths of 8.45 and 11.7 T. Line-broadening mechanisms have been identified by comparing static and MASS NMR results. By applying the MASS technique, dipolar, first-order quadrupolar, and pseudodipolar interactions are removed. Thus, the MASS spectral linewidth (of the central, 1/2↔ - 1/2, transition) is dominated by exchange and/or second-order quadrupolar interactions. For compounds having the cubic zinc blende structure, the exchange interaction dominates, and exchange interaction constants can be determined. For AlP, AlAs, AlSb, GaP, GaAs, InP, and InAs, first-order quadrupole effects are evident as spinning sidebands (SSBs), due to the satellite transitions. These effects are due to a small distribution of electric field gradients caused by lattice defects, and result in an overall Lorentzian profile for the SSB envelope. For compounds having the hexagonal wurtzite structure (GaN and AlN), the second-order quadrupolar interaction is the main line-broadening mechanism, and we find isotropic chemical shifts δ_i of 333 ppm [from 1 M Ga(NO₃) ₃] for GaN, and of 115 ppm [from 1M Al(H₂O) ₆Cl₃] for AlN, and nuclear quadrupole coupling constant e²qQ/h of 2.8 MHz for ⁶⁹GaN, 1.7 MHz for ⁷¹GaN, and of 2.2 MHz for AlN.