@article{fa80c98a88b44dbb8d191adf73513886,
title = "Shear Velocity Evidence of Upper Crustal Magma Storage Beneath Valles Caldera",
abstract = "Valles Caldera was formed by large rhyolitic eruptions at ∼1.6 and 1.23 Ma and it hosts post-caldera rhyolitic deposits as young as ∼69 ka, but the contemporary state of the magmatic system is unclear. Local seismicity beneath Valles Caldera is rare and shear-velocity (Vs) structure has not been previously imaged. Here, we present the first local Vs tomography beneath Valles Caldera using ambient noise Rayleigh dispersion from a ∼71 km transect of nodal seismographs with mean spacing of ∼750 m. An ∼6 km wide low-Vs anomaly (Vs < 2.1 km/s) is located at ∼3{\textendash}10 km depth within the 1.23 Ma caldera's ring fracture. Assuming magma in textural equilibrium, the new tomography suggests that melt fractions up to ∼17\%{\textendash}22\% may be present within the upper crustal depth range where previously erupted rhyolites were stored.",
keywords = "eruption, hazards, magma, melt, supervolcano, tomography",
author = "Justin Wilgus and Brandon Schmandt and Ross Maguire and Chengxin Jiang and Julien Chaput",
note = "We acknowledge that the data for this research were collected on the unceded indigenous lands of the Pueblo and Ute peoples. We also acknowledge Santa Fe National Forest and Valles Caldera National Preserve, especially Research Coordinator Robert Parmenter, for facilitating land access for seismic data collection. Field workers are thanked for their efforts in collecting quality data. Fraser Goff, Peter Roberts, and Tobias Fischer engaged in helpful discussions throughout the study. This manuscript also benefited from helpful reviews by Luca De Siena and Arne Spang. This research was supported by NSF Grants EAR‐2113315 (B. Schmandt) and EAR‐2113367 (J. Chaput). Some of the seismic equipment used in the study was provided by the IRIS PASSCAL Instrument Center and all the raw seismic data are archived at the IRIS Data Management Center; both facilities are supported through the Seismological Facilities for the Advancement of Geoscience (SAGE) Award of the NSF under Cooperative Support Agreement EAR‐1851048. We acknowledge that the data for this research were collected on the unceded indigenous lands of the Pueblo and Ute peoples. We also acknowledge Santa Fe National Forest and Valles Caldera National Preserve, especially Research Coordinator Robert Parmenter, for facilitating land access for seismic data collection. Field workers are thanked for their efforts in collecting quality data. Fraser Goff, Peter Roberts, and Tobias Fischer engaged in helpful discussions throughout the study. This manuscript also benefited from helpful reviews by Luca De Siena and Arne Spang. This research was supported by NSF Grants EAR-2113315 (B. Schmandt) and EAR-2113367 (J. Chaput). Some of the seismic equipment used in the study was provided by the IRIS PASSCAL Instrument Center and all the raw seismic data are archived at the IRIS Data Management Center; both facilities are supported through the Seismological Facilities for the Advancement of Geoscience (SAGE) Award of the NSF under Cooperative Support Agreement EAR-1851048.",
year = "2023",
month = mar,
day = "16",
doi = "10.1029/2022GL101520",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "50",
journal = "Geophysical Research Letters",
issn = "0094-8276",
publisher = "John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd.",
number = "5",
}