@article{43dc17e9f93744c7a9bd62aebcbc14e6,
title = "Serially integrated high-voltage and high power miniature batteries",
abstract = "Accessing high voltages (>9 V) and high power density in microbatteries with volumes below ∼0.25 cm3 is challenging. At such scales, energy density and voltage are highly constrained by packaging and serial integration of cells. Here, we demonstrate hermetically sealed, durable, compact (volume ≤ 0.165 cm3) batteries with low package mass fraction (10.2%) in single- (∼4 V), double- (∼8 V), and triple-stacked (∼12 V) configurations with energy densities reaching 990 Wh Kg−1 and 1,929 Wh L−1 (triple-stacked battery discharged at C/10) and high power density for continuous and pulsed discharge (∼124 mW cm−2 for triple-stacked battery at C/2 continuous discharge, ∼75 mW cm−2 for double-stacked battery at 2C pulsed discharge). We achieve the high voltage-power-energy density landscape by using current collectors as the package and serial stacking of bifancial dense electrodeposited LiCoO2 cathode, Li-metal anode electrodes. Our microbatteries power wireless communication electronics, motors, and actuators, paving the way toward highly functional microdevices.",
keywords = "electrodeposition, hermetic packaging, microbatteries",
author = "Sungbong Kim and Arghya Patra and Kohlmeyer, {Ryan R.} and Seongbin Jo and Xiujun Yue and Alissa Johnson and Kiggins, {Chadd T.} and Beniamin Zahiri and Keunhong Jeong and Jahyun Koo and Taewook Kang and Pengcheng Sun and Cook, {John B.} and Pikul, {James H.} and Braun, {Paul V.}",
note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by DARPA SHRIMP contract #HR0011-19-C-0056 (microbattery packaging and assembly) and the US Army Construction Engineering Research Laboratory W9132T-19-2-0008 (electrode testing). Significant aspects of the characterization were performed using the shared user facilities of the University of Illinois Materials Research Laboratory. S.K. is supported by the Basic Researcher Program of the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT (MSIT) (NRF-2022R1F1A1068710), and J.K. is supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korean government (MSIT) (2021R1A2C2094799). P.V.B. J.B.C. and J.H.P. supervised the research. S.K. and A.P. led overall development of the high-voltage microbattery, including design of packaging and bifacial electrode, electrochemical tests of assembled microbatteries, and data analysis, with support from R.R.K. and S.J. X.Y. A.J. B.Z. J.K. and T.K. performed microbattery packaging and associated fundamental tests. R.R.K. C.T.K. and J.B.C. contributed toward LCO deposition and processing. S.K. A.P. S.J. B.Z. J.H.P. and P.V.B. wrote and edited the paper. The authors declare no competing interests. We support inclusive, diverse, and equitable conduct of research. Funding Information: This work was supported by DARPA SHRIMP contract # HR0011-19-C-0056 (microbattery packaging and assembly) and the US Army Construction Engineering Research Laboratory W9132T-19-2-0008 (electrode testing). Significant aspects of the characterization were performed using the shared user facilities of the University of Illinois Materials Research Laboratory. S.K. is supported by the Basic Researcher Program of the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT (MSIT) ( NRF-2022R1F1A1068710 ), and J.K. is supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korean government ( MSIT ) ( 2021R1A2C2094799 ). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 The Author(s)",
year = "2023",
month = jan,
day = "18",
doi = "10.1016/j.xcrp.2022.101205",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "4",
journal = "Cell Reports Physical Science",
issn = "2666-3864",
publisher = "Cell Press",
number = "1",
}