TY - JOUR
T1 - Seasonal Controls of CO2 and CH4 Dynamics in a Temporarily Flooded Subtropical Wetland
AU - Gomez-Casanovas, Nuria
AU - DeLucia, Nicholas J.
AU - DeLucia, Evan H.
AU - Blanc-Betes, Elena
AU - Boughton, Elizabeth H.
AU - Sparks, Jed
AU - Bernacchi, Carl J.
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank Evan DeLucia's Lab and Caitlin Moore for reviewing and improving this manuscript. We also thank John Garrett, Earl Keel, Steffan Pierre, and Chelsea Gowton for field assistance and Melissa Wasson, Derick Carnazzola, Jiwoong Hong, and Jiwan Song for laboratory assistance. We are grateful to Julia Maki and the rest of the staff at MAERC for site access, lodging, transportation, and continued support in the field. This research was funded by the Energy Biosciences Institute (EBI; University of Illinois at Urbana‐Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA), the U.S. Department of Energy SunGrant Program (DE‐FG36‐08GO88073), the Global Change and Photosynthesis Research Unit of the USDA‐ARS, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture NIFA (project 2016‐67019‐24988). Data available: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.10008722
Funding Information:
We thank Evan DeLucia's Lab and Caitlin Moore for reviewing and improving this manuscript. We also thank John Garrett, Earl Keel, Steffan Pierre, and Chelsea Gowton for field assistance and Melissa Wasson, Derick Carnazzola, Jiwoong Hong, and Jiwan Song for laboratory assistance. We are grateful to Julia Maki and the rest of the staff at MAERC for site access, lodging, transportation, and continued support in the field. This research was funded by the Energy Biosciences Institute (EBI; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA), the U.S. Department of Energy SunGrant Program (DE-FG36-08GO88073), the Global Change and Photosynthesis Research Unit of the USDA-ARS, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture NIFA (project 2016-67019-24988). Data available: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.10008722
Publisher Copyright:
©2020. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. This article has been contributed to by U.S. Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.
PY - 2020/3/1
Y1 - 2020/3/1
N2 - Subtropical and tropical wetlands play a prominent role in the global carbon (C) cycle; yet factors that influence their C fluxes remain uncertain. We collected measurements from a temporarily flooded subtropical wetland over 3 years to investigate environmental drivers impacting CO2 and CH4 fluxes. The wetland was a sink of CO2 (−469 to −380 g C-CO2 · m−2 · year−1) and a source of CH4 (25.1 to 32.1 g C-CH4 · m−2 · year−1) to the atmosphere. Dry season CH4 emissions represented 41 to 49% of the annual budget, reflecting the importance of continuous CH4 flux measurements. Gross primary productivity (GPP) increased with temperature and radiation, and the influence of VPD on GPP varied with soil inundation. Higher water tables decreased Reco and increased GPP, and a higher GPP in turn lead to enhanced Reco likely through enhancements of GPP on autotrophic respiration. This suggests that the impact of the water table on Reco depends on the cancelling effects of hydrology and GPP. Emissions of CH4 increased with soil temperature, water table, and GPP until soils were inundated at which point temperature and GPP became the main drivers. Water table and temperature influenced GPP and CH4 fluxes, and increases in GPP directly enhanced CH4 emissions. In addition to impacting C fluxes directly through water table depth, hydrology also determined the hierarchy of the dominance of factors controlling C fluxes and their response. The positive climate forcing of subtropical wetlands may be dictated by plant-mediated and climate interactions, with hydrological factors playing a major role in determining the greenhouse gas sink or source strength of subtropical wetlands.
AB - Subtropical and tropical wetlands play a prominent role in the global carbon (C) cycle; yet factors that influence their C fluxes remain uncertain. We collected measurements from a temporarily flooded subtropical wetland over 3 years to investigate environmental drivers impacting CO2 and CH4 fluxes. The wetland was a sink of CO2 (−469 to −380 g C-CO2 · m−2 · year−1) and a source of CH4 (25.1 to 32.1 g C-CH4 · m−2 · year−1) to the atmosphere. Dry season CH4 emissions represented 41 to 49% of the annual budget, reflecting the importance of continuous CH4 flux measurements. Gross primary productivity (GPP) increased with temperature and radiation, and the influence of VPD on GPP varied with soil inundation. Higher water tables decreased Reco and increased GPP, and a higher GPP in turn lead to enhanced Reco likely through enhancements of GPP on autotrophic respiration. This suggests that the impact of the water table on Reco depends on the cancelling effects of hydrology and GPP. Emissions of CH4 increased with soil temperature, water table, and GPP until soils were inundated at which point temperature and GPP became the main drivers. Water table and temperature influenced GPP and CH4 fluxes, and increases in GPP directly enhanced CH4 emissions. In addition to impacting C fluxes directly through water table depth, hydrology also determined the hierarchy of the dominance of factors controlling C fluxes and their response. The positive climate forcing of subtropical wetlands may be dictated by plant-mediated and climate interactions, with hydrological factors playing a major role in determining the greenhouse gas sink or source strength of subtropical wetlands.
KW - climate change
KW - hydrology
KW - methane
KW - net ecosystem CO exchange
KW - net ecosystem productivity
KW - subtropical wetland
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U2 - 10.1029/2019JG005257
DO - 10.1029/2019JG005257
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85082405901
SN - 2169-8953
VL - 125
JO - Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences
JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences
IS - 3
M1 - e2019JG005257
ER -