TY - JOUR
T1 - Scanning for new evidence to prioritize updates to the Dietary Reference Intakes
T2 - Case studies for thiamin and phosphorus1,2
AU - Brannon, Patsy M.
AU - Weaver, Connie M.
AU - Anderson, Cheryl A.M.
AU - Donovan, Sharon M.
AU - Murphy, Suzanne P.
AU - Yaktine, Ann L.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 American Society for Nutrition.
PY - 2016/11/1
Y1 - 2016/11/1
N2 - Background: Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) are fundamental to inform national nutrition policy. However, a regular systematic review of the 51 nutrients that have DRIs has limited feasibility, and many DRIs have not been reviewed in .15 y. Objective: To address this issue, individuals (nutrient review group) who were members of the Food and Nutrition Board developed a streamlined, evidence-based methodology that could be used to identify nutrients potentially in need of a systematic review. Design: The proposed methodology, termed an evidence scan, comprises several steps. First, an analytic framework is developed to identify markers of associations between intake of a nutrient and a corresponding clinical outcome. Next, the framework is used to direct the identification of keywords for a scan of published research that is potentially relevant to intake requirements or upper intake levels for a nutrient. Last, a panel of content experts selects the abstracts that are likely to be relevant and reviews the full publications. The results may be used to determine whether a revision of the nutrient's DRI is an immediate priority but would not supplant a comprehensive systematic evidence review. Results: To illustrate the process, 2 nutrients were selected as case studies: thiamin and phosphorus (DRIs were last set in 1998 and 1997, respectively). Using the evidence scan for thiamin, we identified 70 potentially relevant abstracts, of which 9 full publications were reviewed. For phosphorus, 127 potentially relevant abstracts were identified, and 29 full publications were reviewed. Conclusions: From the review of these 2 nutrients, the nutrient review group concluded that there was insufficient new evidence to assign a high priority to a comprehensive systematic review for either thiamin or phosphorus. Evidence scanning is an efficient method of identifying DRI nutrients that are most in need of either a new or an updated systematic review.
AB - Background: Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) are fundamental to inform national nutrition policy. However, a regular systematic review of the 51 nutrients that have DRIs has limited feasibility, and many DRIs have not been reviewed in .15 y. Objective: To address this issue, individuals (nutrient review group) who were members of the Food and Nutrition Board developed a streamlined, evidence-based methodology that could be used to identify nutrients potentially in need of a systematic review. Design: The proposed methodology, termed an evidence scan, comprises several steps. First, an analytic framework is developed to identify markers of associations between intake of a nutrient and a corresponding clinical outcome. Next, the framework is used to direct the identification of keywords for a scan of published research that is potentially relevant to intake requirements or upper intake levels for a nutrient. Last, a panel of content experts selects the abstracts that are likely to be relevant and reviews the full publications. The results may be used to determine whether a revision of the nutrient's DRI is an immediate priority but would not supplant a comprehensive systematic evidence review. Results: To illustrate the process, 2 nutrients were selected as case studies: thiamin and phosphorus (DRIs were last set in 1998 and 1997, respectively). Using the evidence scan for thiamin, we identified 70 potentially relevant abstracts, of which 9 full publications were reviewed. For phosphorus, 127 potentially relevant abstracts were identified, and 29 full publications were reviewed. Conclusions: From the review of these 2 nutrients, the nutrient review group concluded that there was insufficient new evidence to assign a high priority to a comprehensive systematic review for either thiamin or phosphorus. Evidence scanning is an efficient method of identifying DRI nutrients that are most in need of either a new or an updated systematic review.
KW - Dietary Reference Intakes
KW - Evidence scan
KW - Phosphorus
KW - Risk-assessment framework
KW - Thiamin
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U2 - 10.3945/ajcn.115.128256
DO - 10.3945/ajcn.115.128256
M3 - Article
C2 - 27733406
AN - SCOPUS:84994378320
SN - 0002-9165
VL - 104
SP - 1366
EP - 1377
JO - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
JF - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
IS - 5
ER -