Remote control of muscle-driven miniature robots with battery-free wireless optoelectronics

Yongdeok Kim; Yiyuan Yang; Xiaotian Zhang; Zhengwei Li; Abraham Vázquez-Guardado; Insu Park; Jiaojiao Wang; Andrew I. Efimov; Zhi Dou; Yue Wang; Junehu Park; Haiwen Luan; Xinchen Ni; Yun Seong Kim; Janice Baek; Joshua Jaehyung Park; Zhaoqian Xie; Hangbo Zhao; Mattia Gazzola; John A. Rogers; Rashid Bashir

doi:10.1126/scirobotics.add1053

Remote control of muscle-driven miniature robots with battery-free wireless optoelectronics

Yongdeok Kim, Yiyuan Yang, Xiaotian Zhang, Zhengwei Li, Abraham Vázquez-Guardado, Insu Park, Jiaojiao Wang, Andrew I. Efimov, Zhi Dou, Yue Wang, Junehu Park, Haiwen Luan, Xinchen Ni, Yun Seong Kim, Janice Baek, Joshua Jaehyung Park, Zhaoqian Xie, Hangbo Zhao, Mattia Gazzola, John A. RogersRashid Bashir

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Bioengineering approaches that combine living cellular components with three-dimensional scaffolds to generate motion can be used to develop a new generation of miniature robots. Integrating on-board electronics and remote control in these biological machines will enable various applications across engineering, biology, and medicine. Here, we present hybrid bioelectronic robots equipped with battery-free and microinorganic light-emitting diodes for wireless control and real-time communication. Centimeter-scale walking robots were computationally designed and optimized to host on-board optoelectronics with independent stimulation of multiple optogenetic skeletal muscles, achieving remote command of walking, turning, plowing, and transport functions both at individual and collective levels. This work paves the way toward a class of biohybrid machines able to combine biological actuation and sensing with on-board computing.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	eadd1053
Pages (from-to)	eadd1053
Journal	Science Robotics
Volume	8
Issue number	74
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1126/scirobotics.add1053
State	Published - Jan 25 2023

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General Medicine

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10.1126/scirobotics.add1053

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Kim, Y., Yang, Y., Zhang, X., Li, Z., Vázquez-Guardado, A., Park, I., Wang, J., Efimov, A. I., Dou, Z., Wang, Y., Park, J., Luan, H., Ni, X., Kim, Y. S., Baek, J., Park, J. J., Xie, Z., Zhao, H., Gazzola, M., ... Bashir, R. (2023). Remote control of muscle-driven miniature robots with battery-free wireless optoelectronics. Science Robotics, 8(74), eadd1053. Article eadd1053. https://doi.org/10.1126/scirobotics.add1053

Kim, Y, Yang, Y, Zhang, X, Li, Z, Vázquez-Guardado, A, Park, I, Wang, J, Efimov, AI, Dou, Z, Wang, Y, Park, J, Luan, H, Ni, X, Kim, YS, Baek, J, Park, JJ, Xie, Z, Zhao, H, Gazzola, M, Rogers, JA & Bashir, R 2023, 'Remote control of muscle-driven miniature robots with battery-free wireless optoelectronics', Science Robotics, vol. 8, no. 74, eadd1053, pp. eadd1053. https://doi.org/10.1126/scirobotics.add1053

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title = "Remote control of muscle-driven miniature robots with battery-free wireless optoelectronics",

abstract = "Bioengineering approaches that combine living cellular components with three-dimensional scaffolds to generate motion can be used to develop a new generation of miniature robots. Integrating on-board electronics and remote control in these biological machines will enable various applications across engineering, biology, and medicine. Here, we present hybrid bioelectronic robots equipped with battery-free and microinorganic light-emitting diodes for wireless control and real-time communication. Centimeter-scale walking robots were computationally designed and optimized to host on-board optoelectronics with independent stimulation of multiple optogenetic skeletal muscles, achieving remote command of walking, turning, plowing, and transport functions both at individual and collective levels. This work paves the way toward a class of biohybrid machines able to combine biological actuation and sensing with on-board computing.",

author = "Yongdeok Kim and Yiyuan Yang and Xiaotian Zhang and Zhengwei Li and Abraham V{\'a}zquez-Guardado and Insu Park and Jiaojiao Wang and Efimov, {Andrew I.} and Zhi Dou and Yue Wang and Junehu Park and Haiwen Luan and Xinchen Ni and Kim, {Yun Seong} and Janice Baek and Park, {Joshua Jaehyung} and Zhaoqian Xie and Hangbo Zhao and Mattia Gazzola and Rogers, {John A.} and Rashid Bashir",

note = "Funding: This work was funded by NSF Emerging Frontiers in Research and Innovation C3 SoRo Grant 1830881 (to M.G. and R.B.); NSF Research Traineeship-Miniature Brain Machinery Grant 173525 (to R.B.); NSF Science and Technology Center Emergent Behavior of Integrated Cellular Systems Grant CBET0939511 (to R.B.); the Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University (JAR); NSF Soft and Hybrid Nanotechnology Experimental Resource ECCS-1542205 (to J.A.R.); National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering of the NIH Award T32EB019944 (to Y.K.); NSF Expeditions in Computing Grant 2123781 (to M.G.); and NSF Grant for XSEDE ACI-1548253, through allocation TG-MCB190004 (to M.G.).",

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doi = "10.1126/scirobotics.add1053",

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AU - Kim, Yongdeok

AU - Yang, Yiyuan

AU - Zhang, Xiaotian

AU - Li, Zhengwei

AU - Vázquez-Guardado, Abraham

AU - Park, Insu

AU - Wang, Jiaojiao

AU - Efimov, Andrew I.

AU - Dou, Zhi

AU - Wang, Yue

AU - Park, Junehu

AU - Luan, Haiwen

AU - Ni, Xinchen

AU - Kim, Yun Seong

AU - Baek, Janice

AU - Park, Joshua Jaehyung

AU - Xie, Zhaoqian

AU - Zhao, Hangbo

AU - Gazzola, Mattia

AU - Rogers, John A.

AU - Bashir, Rashid

N1 - Funding: This work was funded by NSF Emerging Frontiers in Research and Innovation C3 SoRo Grant 1830881 (to M.G. and R.B.); NSF Research Traineeship-Miniature Brain Machinery Grant 173525 (to R.B.); NSF Science and Technology Center Emergent Behavior of Integrated Cellular Systems Grant CBET0939511 (to R.B.); the Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University (JAR); NSF Soft and Hybrid Nanotechnology Experimental Resource ECCS-1542205 (to J.A.R.); National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering of the NIH Award T32EB019944 (to Y.K.); NSF Expeditions in Computing Grant 2123781 (to M.G.); and NSF Grant for XSEDE ACI-1548253, through allocation TG-MCB190004 (to M.G.).

PY - 2023/1/25

Y1 - 2023/1/25

N2 - Bioengineering approaches that combine living cellular components with three-dimensional scaffolds to generate motion can be used to develop a new generation of miniature robots. Integrating on-board electronics and remote control in these biological machines will enable various applications across engineering, biology, and medicine. Here, we present hybrid bioelectronic robots equipped with battery-free and microinorganic light-emitting diodes for wireless control and real-time communication. Centimeter-scale walking robots were computationally designed and optimized to host on-board optoelectronics with independent stimulation of multiple optogenetic skeletal muscles, achieving remote command of walking, turning, plowing, and transport functions both at individual and collective levels. This work paves the way toward a class of biohybrid machines able to combine biological actuation and sensing with on-board computing.

AB - Bioengineering approaches that combine living cellular components with three-dimensional scaffolds to generate motion can be used to develop a new generation of miniature robots. Integrating on-board electronics and remote control in these biological machines will enable various applications across engineering, biology, and medicine. Here, we present hybrid bioelectronic robots equipped with battery-free and microinorganic light-emitting diodes for wireless control and real-time communication. Centimeter-scale walking robots were computationally designed and optimized to host on-board optoelectronics with independent stimulation of multiple optogenetic skeletal muscles, achieving remote command of walking, turning, plowing, and transport functions both at individual and collective levels. This work paves the way toward a class of biohybrid machines able to combine biological actuation and sensing with on-board computing.

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Remote control of muscle-driven miniature robots with battery-free wireless optoelectronics

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Microelectronics give researchers a remote control for biological robots

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Remote control of muscle-driven miniature robots with battery-free wireless optoelectronics

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Microelectronics give researchers a remote control for biological robots

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