Reactions of epoxides (n → σ*)

Tyler W. Wilson, Scott E. Denmark

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceedingChapter

Abstract

The primary mode of activation in chiral Lewis acid-catalyzed epoxide opening is polarization of the C-O σ-bond of the epoxide by coordination of a Lewis acid to the nonbonding electron pairs on the oxygen. Binding of the epoxide to the chiral Lewis acid activates the ring toward nucleophilic opening and places the enantiotopic carbons of the meso-epoxide within proximity to the influence of the chiral ligand on the Lewis acid. This chapter details the applications of chiral, nonracemic Lewis bases in the enantiodifferentiating reactions. In a detailed study on the mechanism of phosphoramide-catalyzed epoxide openings with SiCl4, Denmark and coworkers address questions regarding the stoichiometry, reaction kinetics, nonlinear effects, and the mode of activation for phosphoramide Lewis bases with SiCl4. The epoxide opening with SiCl4 produces an alkoxytrichlorosilane that can be susceptible to further Lewis base activation, leading to a dialkoxydichlorosilane and so forth.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Title of host publicationLewis Base Catalysis in Organic Synthesis
PublisherWiley-VCH
Pages1113-1151
Number of pages39
Volume3
ISBN (Electronic)9783527675142
ISBN (Print)9783527336180
DOIs
StatePublished - Aug 17 2016

Keywords

  • 1-aza[6]helicenes
  • 1; 1'-biisoquinoline- N ; N -dioxide
  • 29Si NMR
  • 31 P NMR
  • Allenylphosphine oxides
  • BINAPO
  • BITIPIO
  • Bipyridyl- N -monooxide
  • Bromohydrin
  • Chlorohydrin
  • Co(salen) complex
  • Cooperative catalysis
  • Desymmetrization
  • Dual activation
  • Electrophilic activation
  • Epoxide
  • Epoxide opening
  • Fluorohydrin
  • Halogenation
  • Halohydrins
  • Hexacoordinate
  • Hydrohalogenation
  • Kinetic resolution
  • Meso-epoxides
  • Nonlinear effects
  • Nucleophilic activation
  • Organotin halides
  • Oxiranes
  • PINDOX
  • PINDY
  • Pentacoordinate
  • Phosphaferrocene
  • Phosphametallocene
  • Phosphine oxides
  • Phosphoramides
  • Pyridyl- N -oxides
  • Silicon tetrachloride
  • Siliconate

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • General Chemistry

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