TY - JOUR
T1 - Quantifying the Nonlinear Interaction in the Nervous System Based on Phase-Locked Amplitude Relationship
AU - Yang, Yuan
AU - Yao, Jun
AU - Dewald, Julius P.A.
AU - Van Der Helm, Frans C.T.
AU - Schouten, Alfred C.
N1 - Funding Information:
Manuscript received August 8, 2019; revised November 12, 2019 and January 3, 2020; accepted January 13, 2020. Date of publication January 16, 2020; date of current version August 20, 2020. This work was supported in part by the Dixon Translational Research Grants Initiative (PI: Yang) at Northwestern Medicine and Northwestern University Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute under Grants UL1TR001422 and NIH/NICHD 1R21HD099710 (PIs: Dewald, Yang), and in part by the European Research Council under the ERC Grant agreement 291339 (PI: van der Helm). (Corresponding author. Yuan Yang.) Y. Yang is with the Department of Physical Therapy and Human Movement Sciences Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611 USA (e-mail: [email protected]).
Publisher Copyright:
© 1964-2012 IEEE.
PY - 2020/9
Y1 - 2020/9
N2 - Objective: This paper introduces the Cross-frequency Amplitude Transfer Function (CATF), a model-free method for quantifying nonlinear stimulus-response interaction based on phase-locked amplitude relationship. Method: The CATF estimates the amplitude transfer from input frequencies at stimulation signal to their harmonics/intermodulation at the response signal. We first verified the performance of CATF in simulation tests with systems containing a static nonlinear function and a linear dynamic, i.e., Hammerstein and Wiener systems. We then applied the CATF to investigate the second-order nonlinear amplitude transfer in the human proprioceptive system from the periphery to the cortex. Result: The simulation demonstrated that the CATF is a general method, which can well quantify nonlinear stimulus-response amplitude transfer for different orders of nonlinearity in Wiener or Hammerstein system configurations. Applied to the human proprioceptive system, we found a complicated nonlinear system behavior with substantial amplitude transfer from the periphery stimulation to cortical response signals in the alpha band. This complicated system behavior may be associated with the nonlinear behavior of the muscle spindle and the dynamic interaction in the thalamocortical radiation. Conclusion: This paper provides a new tool to identify nonlinear interaction in the nervous system. Significance: The results provide novel insight of nonlinear dynamics in the human proprioceptive system.
AB - Objective: This paper introduces the Cross-frequency Amplitude Transfer Function (CATF), a model-free method for quantifying nonlinear stimulus-response interaction based on phase-locked amplitude relationship. Method: The CATF estimates the amplitude transfer from input frequencies at stimulation signal to their harmonics/intermodulation at the response signal. We first verified the performance of CATF in simulation tests with systems containing a static nonlinear function and a linear dynamic, i.e., Hammerstein and Wiener systems. We then applied the CATF to investigate the second-order nonlinear amplitude transfer in the human proprioceptive system from the periphery to the cortex. Result: The simulation demonstrated that the CATF is a general method, which can well quantify nonlinear stimulus-response amplitude transfer for different orders of nonlinearity in Wiener or Hammerstein system configurations. Applied to the human proprioceptive system, we found a complicated nonlinear system behavior with substantial amplitude transfer from the periphery stimulation to cortical response signals in the alpha band. This complicated system behavior may be associated with the nonlinear behavior of the muscle spindle and the dynamic interaction in the thalamocortical radiation. Conclusion: This paper provides a new tool to identify nonlinear interaction in the nervous system. Significance: The results provide novel insight of nonlinear dynamics in the human proprioceptive system.
KW - Cross-frequency Interaction
KW - EEG
KW - Frequency Domain Analysis
KW - Human Proprioceptive System
KW - Nervous System
KW - Nonlinear System
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85088524998
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85088524998#tab=citedBy
U2 - 10.1109/TBME.2020.2967079
DO - 10.1109/TBME.2020.2967079
M3 - Article
C2 - 31976876
AN - SCOPUS:85088524998
SN - 0018-9294
VL - 67
SP - 2638
EP - 2645
JO - IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering
JF - IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering
IS - 9
M1 - 8961110
ER -