TY - JOUR
T1 - Prebiotic Consumption Alters Microbiota but Not Biological Markers of Stress and Inflammation or Mental Health Symptoms in Healthy Adults
T2 - A Randomized, Controlled, Crossover Trial
AU - Mysonhimer, Annemarie R.
AU - Cannavale, Corinne N.
AU - Bailey, Melisa A.
AU - Khan, Naiman A.
AU - Holscher, Hannah D.
N1 - This work was supported by USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture , Hatch Project 1009249 .
PY - 2023/4
Y1 - 2023/4
N2 - Background: Chronic stress contributes to systemic inflammation and diminished mental health. Although animal work suggests strong links with the microbiota-gut-brain axis, clinical trials investigating the effectiveness of prebiotics in improving mental health and reducing inflammation are lacking. Objectives: We aimed to determine fructooligosaccharide (FOS) and galactooligosaccharide (GOS) effects on biological markers of stress and inflammation and mental health symptoms in adults. Secondary outcomes included fecal microbiota and metabolites, digestive function, emotion, and sleep. Methods: Twenty-four healthy adults (25–45 y; 14 females, 10 males; BMI, 29.3 ± 1.8 kg/m2) from central Illinois participated in a 2-period, randomized, controlled, single-blinded crossover trial. Interventions included the prebiotic (PRE) treatment (237 mL/d Lactaid low-fat 1% milk, 5 g/d FOS, 5 g/d GOS) and control (CON) (237 mL/d Lactaid), which were consumed in counterbalanced order for 4 wk each, separated by ≥4-wk washout. Inflammatory markers were measured in blood plasma (>10-h fast) and cortisol in urine. The Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-42 assessed mental health symptoms. Fecal samples were collected for 16S rRNA gene (V4 region) sequencing and analysis. Emotion was measured by rating images from a computer task. Sleep was assessed using 7-d records and accelerometers. Change scores were analyzed using linear mixed models with treatment and baseline covariate as fixed effects and participant ID as the random effect. Results: There were no differences in change scores between PRE and CON treatments on biological markers of stress and inflammation or mental health. PRE increased change in percent sequences (q = 0.01) of Actinobacteriota (CON: 0.46 ± 0.70%; PRE: 5.40 ± 1.67%) and Bifidobacterium (CON: -1.72 ± 0.43%; PRE: 4.92 ± 1.53%). There were also no differences in change scores between treatments for microbial metabolites, digestive function, emotion, or sleep quality. Conclusions: FOS+GOS did not affect biological markers of stress and inflammation or mental health symptoms in healthy adults; however, it increased Bifidobacterium. Clinical Trial Registry: NCT04551937, www.clinicaltrials.gov
AB - Background: Chronic stress contributes to systemic inflammation and diminished mental health. Although animal work suggests strong links with the microbiota-gut-brain axis, clinical trials investigating the effectiveness of prebiotics in improving mental health and reducing inflammation are lacking. Objectives: We aimed to determine fructooligosaccharide (FOS) and galactooligosaccharide (GOS) effects on biological markers of stress and inflammation and mental health symptoms in adults. Secondary outcomes included fecal microbiota and metabolites, digestive function, emotion, and sleep. Methods: Twenty-four healthy adults (25–45 y; 14 females, 10 males; BMI, 29.3 ± 1.8 kg/m2) from central Illinois participated in a 2-period, randomized, controlled, single-blinded crossover trial. Interventions included the prebiotic (PRE) treatment (237 mL/d Lactaid low-fat 1% milk, 5 g/d FOS, 5 g/d GOS) and control (CON) (237 mL/d Lactaid), which were consumed in counterbalanced order for 4 wk each, separated by ≥4-wk washout. Inflammatory markers were measured in blood plasma (>10-h fast) and cortisol in urine. The Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-42 assessed mental health symptoms. Fecal samples were collected for 16S rRNA gene (V4 region) sequencing and analysis. Emotion was measured by rating images from a computer task. Sleep was assessed using 7-d records and accelerometers. Change scores were analyzed using linear mixed models with treatment and baseline covariate as fixed effects and participant ID as the random effect. Results: There were no differences in change scores between PRE and CON treatments on biological markers of stress and inflammation or mental health. PRE increased change in percent sequences (q = 0.01) of Actinobacteriota (CON: 0.46 ± 0.70%; PRE: 5.40 ± 1.67%) and Bifidobacterium (CON: -1.72 ± 0.43%; PRE: 4.92 ± 1.53%). There were also no differences in change scores between treatments for microbial metabolites, digestive function, emotion, or sleep quality. Conclusions: FOS+GOS did not affect biological markers of stress and inflammation or mental health symptoms in healthy adults; however, it increased Bifidobacterium. Clinical Trial Registry: NCT04551937, www.clinicaltrials.gov
KW - Bifidobacterium
KW - anxiety
KW - depression
KW - emotion
KW - fructooligosaccharides
KW - galactooligosaccharides
KW - human adults
KW - stress
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U2 - 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.02.015
DO - 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.02.015
M3 - Article
C2 - 36841506
AN - SCOPUS:85150813705
SN - 0022-3166
VL - 153
SP - 1283
EP - 1296
JO - Journal of Nutrition
JF - Journal of Nutrition
IS - 4
ER -