Physical conditions of the interstellar medium of high-redshift, strongly lensed submillimetre galaxies from the Herschel-ATLAS

I. Valtchanov; J. Virdee; R. J. Ivison; B. Swinyard; P. van der Werf; D. Rigopoulou; E. da Cunha; R. Lupu; D. J. Benford; D. Riechers; Ian Smail; M. Jarvis; C. Pearson; H. Gomez; R. Hopwood; B. Altieri; M. Birkinshaw; D. Coia; L. Conversi; A. Cooray; G. de Zotti; L. Dunne; D. Frayer; L. Leeuw; A. Marston; M. Negrello; M. Sanchez Portal; D. Scott; M. A. Thompson; M. Vaccari; M. Baes; D. Clements; M. J. Michalowski; H. Dannerbauer; S. Serjeant; R. Auld; S. Buttiglione; A. Cava; A. Dariush; S. Dye; S. Eales; J. Fritz; E. Ibar; S. Maddox; E. Pascale; M. Pohlen; E. Rigby; G. Rodighiero; D. J.B. Smith; P. Temi; J. Carpenter; A. Bolatto; M. Gurwell; J. D. Vieira

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.18959.x

Physical conditions of the interstellar medium of high-redshift, strongly lensed submillimetre galaxies from the Herschel-ATLAS

I. Valtchanov, J. Virdee, R. J. Ivison, B. Swinyard, P. van der Werf, D. Rigopoulou, E. da Cunha, R. Lupu, D. J. Benford, D. Riechers, Ian Smail, M. Jarvis, C. Pearson, H. Gomez, R. Hopwood, B. Altieri, M. Birkinshaw, D. Coia, L. Conversi, A. CoorayG. de Zotti, L. Dunne, D. Frayer, L. Leeuw, A. Marston, M. Negrello, M. Sanchez Portal, D. Scott, M. A. Thompson, M. Vaccari, M. Baes, D. Clements, M. J. Michalowski, H. Dannerbauer, S. Serjeant, R. Auld, S. Buttiglione, A. Cava, A. Dariush, S. Dye, S. Eales, J. Fritz, E. Ibar, S. Maddox, E. Pascale, M. Pohlen, E. Rigby, G. Rodighiero, D. J.B. Smith, P. Temi, J. Carpenter, A. Bolatto, M. Gurwell, J. D. Vieira

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

We present Herschel-Spectral and Photometric Imaging Receiver (SPIRE) Fourier transform spectrometer (FTS) and radio follow-up observations of two Herschel-Astrophysical Terahertz Large Area Survey (H-ATLAS)-detected strongly lensed distant galaxies. In one of the targeted galaxies H-ATLAS J090311.6+003906 (SDP.81), we detect [Oiii]88μm and [Cii]158μm lines at a signal-to-noise ratio of ~5. We do not have any positive line identification in the other fainter target H-ATLAS J091305.0-005343 (SDP.130). Currently, SDP.81 is the faintest submillimetre galaxy with positive line detections with the FTS, with continuum flux just below 200mJy in the 200-600μm wavelength range. The derived redshift of SDP.81 from the two detections isz= 3.043 ± 0.012, in agreement with ground-based CO measurements. This is the first detection byHerschelof the [Oiii]88μm line in a galaxy at redshift higher than 0.05. Comparing the observed lines and line ratios with a grid of photodissociation region (PDR) models with different physical conditions, we derive the PDR cloud densityn≈ 2000cm^-3 and the far-ultraviolet ionizing radiation fieldG₀≈ 200 (in units of the Habing field - the local Galactic interstellar radiation field of 1.6 × 10^-6 W m^-2). Using the CO-derived molecular mass and the PDR properties, we estimate the effective radius of the emitting region to be 500-700pc. These characteristics are typical for star-forming, high-redshift galaxies. The radio observations indicate that SDP.81 deviates significantly from the local far-infrared/radio (FIR/radio) correlation, which hints that some fraction of the radio emission is coming from an active galactic nucleus (AGN). The constraints on the source size from millimetre-wave observations put a very conservative upper limit of the possible AGN contribution to less than 33 per cent. These indications, together with the high [Oiii]/FIR ratio and the upper limit of [Oi]63μm/[Cii]158μm, suggest that some fraction of the ionizing radiation is likely to originate from the AGN.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	3473-3484
Number of pages	12
Journal	Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Volume	415
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.18959.x
State	Published - Aug 2011
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

Galaxies: evolution
Galaxies: individual: SDP.130: H-ATLAS J091305.0-005343
Infrared: galaxies
Radio continuum: galaxies
Submillimetre: ISM

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Astronomy and Astrophysics
Space and Planetary Science

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10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.18959.x

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Valtchanov, I., Virdee, J., Ivison, R. J., Swinyard, B., van der Werf, P., Rigopoulou, D., da Cunha, E., Lupu, R., Benford, D. J., Riechers, D., Smail, I., Jarvis, M., Pearson, C., Gomez, H., Hopwood, R., Altieri, B., Birkinshaw, M., Coia, D., Conversi, L., ... Vieira, J. D. (2011). Physical conditions of the interstellar medium of high-redshift, strongly lensed submillimetre galaxies from the Herschel-ATLAS. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 415(4), 3473-3484. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.18959.x

Valtchanov, I, Virdee, J, Ivison, RJ, Swinyard, B, van der Werf, P, Rigopoulou, D, da Cunha, E, Lupu, R, Benford, DJ, Riechers, D, Smail, I, Jarvis, M, Pearson, C, Gomez, H, Hopwood, R, Altieri, B, Birkinshaw, M, Coia, D, Conversi, L, Cooray, A, de Zotti, G, Dunne, L, Frayer, D, Leeuw, L, Marston, A, Negrello, M, Portal, MS, Scott, D, Thompson, MA, Vaccari, M, Baes, M, Clements, D, Michalowski, MJ, Dannerbauer, H, Serjeant, S, Auld, R, Buttiglione, S, Cava, A, Dariush, A, Dye, S, Eales, S, Fritz, J, Ibar, E, Maddox, S, Pascale, E, Pohlen, M, Rigby, E, Rodighiero, G, Smith, DJB, Temi, P, Carpenter, J, Bolatto, A, Gurwell, M & Vieira, JD 2011, 'Physical conditions of the interstellar medium of high-redshift, strongly lensed submillimetre galaxies from the Herschel-ATLAS', Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 415, no. 4, pp. 3473-3484. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.18959.x

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title = "Physical conditions of the interstellar medium of high-redshift, strongly lensed submillimetre galaxies from the Herschel-ATLAS",

abstract = "We present Herschel-Spectral and Photometric Imaging Receiver (SPIRE) Fourier transform spectrometer (FTS) and radio follow-up observations of two Herschel-Astrophysical Terahertz Large Area Survey (H-ATLAS)-detected strongly lensed distant galaxies. In one of the targeted galaxies H-ATLAS J090311.6+003906 (SDP.81), we detect [Oiii]88μm and [Cii]158μm lines at a signal-to-noise ratio of ~5. We do not have any positive line identification in the other fainter target H-ATLAS J091305.0-005343 (SDP.130). Currently, SDP.81 is the faintest submillimetre galaxy with positive line detections with the FTS, with continuum flux just below 200mJy in the 200-600μm wavelength range. The derived redshift of SDP.81 from the two detections isz= 3.043 ± 0.012, in agreement with ground-based CO measurements. This is the first detection byHerschelof the [Oiii]88μm line in a galaxy at redshift higher than 0.05. Comparing the observed lines and line ratios with a grid of photodissociation region (PDR) models with different physical conditions, we derive the PDR cloud densityn≈ 2000cm-3 and the far-ultraviolet ionizing radiation fieldG0≈ 200 (in units of the Habing field - the local Galactic interstellar radiation field of 1.6 × 10-6 W m-2). Using the CO-derived molecular mass and the PDR properties, we estimate the effective radius of the emitting region to be 500-700pc. These characteristics are typical for star-forming, high-redshift galaxies. The radio observations indicate that SDP.81 deviates significantly from the local far-infrared/radio (FIR/radio) correlation, which hints that some fraction of the radio emission is coming from an active galactic nucleus (AGN). The constraints on the source size from millimetre-wave observations put a very conservative upper limit of the possible AGN contribution to less than 33 per cent. These indications, together with the high [Oiii]/FIR ratio and the upper limit of [Oi]63μm/[Cii]158μm, suggest that some fraction of the ionizing radiation is likely to originate from the AGN.",

keywords = "Galaxies: evolution, Galaxies: individual: SDP.130: H-ATLAS J091305.0-005343, Infrared: galaxies, Radio continuum: galaxies, Submillimetre: ISM",

author = "I. Valtchanov and J. Virdee and Ivison, {R. J.} and B. Swinyard and {van der Werf}, P. and D. Rigopoulou and {da Cunha}, E. and R. Lupu and Benford, {D. J.} and D. Riechers and Ian Smail and M. Jarvis and C. Pearson and H. Gomez and R. Hopwood and B. Altieri and M. Birkinshaw and D. Coia and L. Conversi and A. Cooray and {de Zotti}, G. and L. Dunne and D. Frayer and L. Leeuw and A. Marston and M. Negrello and Portal, {M. Sanchez} and D. Scott and Thompson, {M. A.} and M. Vaccari and M. Baes and D. Clements and Michalowski, {M. J.} and H. Dannerbauer and S. Serjeant and R. Auld and S. Buttiglione and A. Cava and A. Dariush and S. Dye and S. Eales and J. Fritz and E. Ibar and S. Maddox and E. Pascale and M. Pohlen and E. Rigby and G. Rodighiero and Smith, {D. J.B.} and P. Temi and J. Carpenter and A. Bolatto and M. Gurwell and Vieira, {J. D.}",

year = "2011",

month = aug,

doi = "10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.18959.x",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "415",

pages = "3473--3484",

journal = "Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society",

issn = "0035-8711",

publisher = "Oxford University Press",

number = "4",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Physical conditions of the interstellar medium of high-redshift, strongly lensed submillimetre galaxies from the Herschel-ATLAS

AU - Valtchanov, I.

AU - Virdee, J.

AU - Ivison, R. J.

AU - Swinyard, B.

AU - van der Werf, P.

AU - Rigopoulou, D.

AU - da Cunha, E.

AU - Lupu, R.

AU - Benford, D. J.

AU - Riechers, D.

AU - Smail, Ian

AU - Jarvis, M.

AU - Pearson, C.

AU - Gomez, H.

AU - Hopwood, R.

AU - Altieri, B.

AU - Birkinshaw, M.

AU - Coia, D.

AU - Conversi, L.

AU - Cooray, A.

AU - de Zotti, G.

AU - Dunne, L.

AU - Frayer, D.

AU - Leeuw, L.

AU - Marston, A.

AU - Negrello, M.

AU - Portal, M. Sanchez

AU - Scott, D.

AU - Thompson, M. A.

AU - Vaccari, M.

AU - Baes, M.

AU - Clements, D.

AU - Michalowski, M. J.

AU - Dannerbauer, H.

AU - Serjeant, S.

AU - Auld, R.

AU - Buttiglione, S.

AU - Cava, A.

AU - Dariush, A.

AU - Dye, S.

AU - Eales, S.

AU - Fritz, J.

AU - Ibar, E.

AU - Maddox, S.

AU - Pascale, E.

AU - Pohlen, M.

AU - Rigby, E.

AU - Rodighiero, G.

AU - Smith, D. J.B.

AU - Temi, P.

AU - Carpenter, J.

AU - Bolatto, A.

AU - Gurwell, M.

AU - Vieira, J. D.

PY - 2011/8

Y1 - 2011/8

N2 - We present Herschel-Spectral and Photometric Imaging Receiver (SPIRE) Fourier transform spectrometer (FTS) and radio follow-up observations of two Herschel-Astrophysical Terahertz Large Area Survey (H-ATLAS)-detected strongly lensed distant galaxies. In one of the targeted galaxies H-ATLAS J090311.6+003906 (SDP.81), we detect [Oiii]88μm and [Cii]158μm lines at a signal-to-noise ratio of ~5. We do not have any positive line identification in the other fainter target H-ATLAS J091305.0-005343 (SDP.130). Currently, SDP.81 is the faintest submillimetre galaxy with positive line detections with the FTS, with continuum flux just below 200mJy in the 200-600μm wavelength range. The derived redshift of SDP.81 from the two detections isz= 3.043 ± 0.012, in agreement with ground-based CO measurements. This is the first detection byHerschelof the [Oiii]88μm line in a galaxy at redshift higher than 0.05. Comparing the observed lines and line ratios with a grid of photodissociation region (PDR) models with different physical conditions, we derive the PDR cloud densityn≈ 2000cm-3 and the far-ultraviolet ionizing radiation fieldG0≈ 200 (in units of the Habing field - the local Galactic interstellar radiation field of 1.6 × 10-6 W m-2). Using the CO-derived molecular mass and the PDR properties, we estimate the effective radius of the emitting region to be 500-700pc. These characteristics are typical for star-forming, high-redshift galaxies. The radio observations indicate that SDP.81 deviates significantly from the local far-infrared/radio (FIR/radio) correlation, which hints that some fraction of the radio emission is coming from an active galactic nucleus (AGN). The constraints on the source size from millimetre-wave observations put a very conservative upper limit of the possible AGN contribution to less than 33 per cent. These indications, together with the high [Oiii]/FIR ratio and the upper limit of [Oi]63μm/[Cii]158μm, suggest that some fraction of the ionizing radiation is likely to originate from the AGN.

AB - We present Herschel-Spectral and Photometric Imaging Receiver (SPIRE) Fourier transform spectrometer (FTS) and radio follow-up observations of two Herschel-Astrophysical Terahertz Large Area Survey (H-ATLAS)-detected strongly lensed distant galaxies. In one of the targeted galaxies H-ATLAS J090311.6+003906 (SDP.81), we detect [Oiii]88μm and [Cii]158μm lines at a signal-to-noise ratio of ~5. We do not have any positive line identification in the other fainter target H-ATLAS J091305.0-005343 (SDP.130). Currently, SDP.81 is the faintest submillimetre galaxy with positive line detections with the FTS, with continuum flux just below 200mJy in the 200-600μm wavelength range. The derived redshift of SDP.81 from the two detections isz= 3.043 ± 0.012, in agreement with ground-based CO measurements. This is the first detection byHerschelof the [Oiii]88μm line in a galaxy at redshift higher than 0.05. Comparing the observed lines and line ratios with a grid of photodissociation region (PDR) models with different physical conditions, we derive the PDR cloud densityn≈ 2000cm-3 and the far-ultraviolet ionizing radiation fieldG0≈ 200 (in units of the Habing field - the local Galactic interstellar radiation field of 1.6 × 10-6 W m-2). Using the CO-derived molecular mass and the PDR properties, we estimate the effective radius of the emitting region to be 500-700pc. These characteristics are typical for star-forming, high-redshift galaxies. The radio observations indicate that SDP.81 deviates significantly from the local far-infrared/radio (FIR/radio) correlation, which hints that some fraction of the radio emission is coming from an active galactic nucleus (AGN). The constraints on the source size from millimetre-wave observations put a very conservative upper limit of the possible AGN contribution to less than 33 per cent. These indications, together with the high [Oiii]/FIR ratio and the upper limit of [Oi]63μm/[Cii]158μm, suggest that some fraction of the ionizing radiation is likely to originate from the AGN.

KW - Galaxies: evolution

KW - Galaxies: individual: SDP.130: H-ATLAS J091305.0-005343

KW - Infrared: galaxies

KW - Radio continuum: galaxies

KW - Submillimetre: ISM

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UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=80051827432&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.18959.x

DO - 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.18959.x

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:80051827432

SN - 0035-8711

VL - 415

SP - 3473

EP - 3484

JO - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

JF - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

IS - 4

ER -

Physical conditions of the interstellar medium of high-redshift, strongly lensed submillimetre galaxies from the Herschel-ATLAS

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