TY - JOUR
T1 - Photonic Crystal Surfaces as a General Purpose Platform for Label-Free and Fluorescent Assays
AU - Cunningham, Brian T.
N1 - The author is grateful for financial support provided by National Science Foundation ( NSF CBET 07-54122 ), National Institutes of Health ( R01 CA118562 and R01GM086382 ), and SRU Biosystems . Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations in this work are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the funding agencies. As this article is a review article, it represents the efforts of many talented and dedicated individuals. In particular, the author would like to acknowledge the contributions of Prof. Paul Hergenrother at the University of Illinois for his collaboration in small molecule screening, Prof. Lila Vodkin at the University of Illinois for her collaboration in gene expression analysis, and Dr. Lance Laing from SRU Biosystems for directing the cell-based assays reported here. The author gratefully acknowledges Dr. Julio Martin and Dr. Jason Brown from GlaxoSmithKline for the GPCR data shown in Figure 3 . The research of postdoc associate Seok-min Kim and graduate students Leo Chan, Maria Pineda, James Heeres, Meng Lu, Ian Block, Wei Zhang, Patrick Mathias, Vikram Chaudhery, and Nikhil Ganesh are summarized in the article. The author discloses that he is a founder and CTO of SRU Biosystems.
PY - 2010/4
Y1 - 2010/4
N2 - Photonic crystal (PC) surfaces can be designed to provide a wide range of functions that are used to perform biochemical and cell-based assays. Detection of the optical resonant reflections from PC surfaces enables high sensitivity label-free biosensing, whereas the enhanced electromagnetic (EM) fields that occur at resonant wavelengths can be used to enhance the detection sensitivity of any surface-based fluorescence assay. Fabrication of PCs from inexpensive plastic materials over large surface areas enables them to be incorporated into standard formats that include microplates, microarrays, and microfluidic channels. This report reviews the design of PC biosensors, their associated detection instrumentation, and biological applications. Applications including high-throughput screening of small molecules, cell membrane integrin activation, gene expression analysis, and protein biomarker detection are highlighted. Recent results in which PC surfaces are used for enhancing the detection of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, and the development of high-resolution PC-based laser biosensors are also described.
AB - Photonic crystal (PC) surfaces can be designed to provide a wide range of functions that are used to perform biochemical and cell-based assays. Detection of the optical resonant reflections from PC surfaces enables high sensitivity label-free biosensing, whereas the enhanced electromagnetic (EM) fields that occur at resonant wavelengths can be used to enhance the detection sensitivity of any surface-based fluorescence assay. Fabrication of PCs from inexpensive plastic materials over large surface areas enables them to be incorporated into standard formats that include microplates, microarrays, and microfluidic channels. This report reviews the design of PC biosensors, their associated detection instrumentation, and biological applications. Applications including high-throughput screening of small molecules, cell membrane integrin activation, gene expression analysis, and protein biomarker detection are highlighted. Recent results in which PC surfaces are used for enhancing the detection of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, and the development of high-resolution PC-based laser biosensors are also described.
KW - biosensors
KW - fluorescence
KW - GPCR assays
KW - high-throughput screening
KW - label-free detection
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jala.2009.10.009
DO - 10.1016/j.jala.2009.10.009
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:77649295832
SN - 1535-5535
VL - 15
SP - 120
EP - 135
JO - JALA - Journal of the Association for Laboratory Automation
JF - JALA - Journal of the Association for Laboratory Automation
IS - 2
ER -