Personality and substance use in midlife: Conscientiousness as a moderator and the effects of trait change

Nicholas A. Turiano; Shawn D. Whiteman; Sarah E. Hampson; Brent W. Roberts; Daniel K. Mroczek

doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2012.02.009

Personality and substance use in midlife: Conscientiousness as a moderator and the effects of trait change

Nicholas A. Turiano, Shawn D. Whiteman, Sarah E. Hampson, Brent W. Roberts, Daniel K. Mroczek

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Personality traits predict substance use in adolescence, but less is known about prospective substance use in middle age and beyond. Moreover, there is growing interest in how personality change and the multiplicative effects among personality traits relate to substance use. Participants included approximately 4000 adults aged 25-74 who participated in two waves of the Midlife in the US (MIDUS) study. Higher levels of neuroticism, extraversion, openness, and lower levels of conscientiousness and agreeableness predicted longitudinal substance use. Increases in neuroticism and openness predicted increased substance use while increases in conscientiousness and agreeableness predicted decreased substance use. Higher levels of conscientiousness moderated two of the other trait main effects. Personality, trait change, and interactions among traits reliably forecasted 10-year substance-use behaviors.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	295-305
Number of pages	11
Journal	Journal of Research in Personality
Volume	46
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2012.02.009
State	Published - Jun 2012

Keywords

Change
Conscientiousness
Drinking
Drug
Interactions
Personality
Smoking
Substance use

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Social Psychology
General Psychology

Online availability

10.1016/j.jrp.2012.02.009

Library availability

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title = "Personality and substance use in midlife: Conscientiousness as a moderator and the effects of trait change",

abstract = "Personality traits predict substance use in adolescence, but less is known about prospective substance use in middle age and beyond. Moreover, there is growing interest in how personality change and the multiplicative effects among personality traits relate to substance use. Participants included approximately 4000 adults aged 25-74 who participated in two waves of the Midlife in the US (MIDUS) study. Higher levels of neuroticism, extraversion, openness, and lower levels of conscientiousness and agreeableness predicted longitudinal substance use. Increases in neuroticism and openness predicted increased substance use while increases in conscientiousness and agreeableness predicted decreased substance use. Higher levels of conscientiousness moderated two of the other trait main effects. Personality, trait change, and interactions among traits reliably forecasted 10-year substance-use behaviors.",

keywords = "Change, Conscientiousness, Drinking, Drug, Interactions, Personality, Smoking, Substance use",

author = "Turiano, {Nicholas A.} and Whiteman, {Shawn D.} and Hampson, {Sarah E.} and Roberts, {Brent W.} and Mroczek, {Daniel K.}",

note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by grants from the National Institute on Aging (T32-AG025671, R01-AG018436, R01-AG030048, R01-AG21178, R01-AG020048); and Purdue University Center on Aging and the Life Course. ",

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AU - Turiano, Nicholas A.

AU - Whiteman, Shawn D.

AU - Hampson, Sarah E.

AU - Roberts, Brent W.

AU - Mroczek, Daniel K.

N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by grants from the National Institute on Aging (T32-AG025671, R01-AG018436, R01-AG030048, R01-AG21178, R01-AG020048); and Purdue University Center on Aging and the Life Course.

PY - 2012/6

Y1 - 2012/6

N2 - Personality traits predict substance use in adolescence, but less is known about prospective substance use in middle age and beyond. Moreover, there is growing interest in how personality change and the multiplicative effects among personality traits relate to substance use. Participants included approximately 4000 adults aged 25-74 who participated in two waves of the Midlife in the US (MIDUS) study. Higher levels of neuroticism, extraversion, openness, and lower levels of conscientiousness and agreeableness predicted longitudinal substance use. Increases in neuroticism and openness predicted increased substance use while increases in conscientiousness and agreeableness predicted decreased substance use. Higher levels of conscientiousness moderated two of the other trait main effects. Personality, trait change, and interactions among traits reliably forecasted 10-year substance-use behaviors.

AB - Personality traits predict substance use in adolescence, but less is known about prospective substance use in middle age and beyond. Moreover, there is growing interest in how personality change and the multiplicative effects among personality traits relate to substance use. Participants included approximately 4000 adults aged 25-74 who participated in two waves of the Midlife in the US (MIDUS) study. Higher levels of neuroticism, extraversion, openness, and lower levels of conscientiousness and agreeableness predicted longitudinal substance use. Increases in neuroticism and openness predicted increased substance use while increases in conscientiousness and agreeableness predicted decreased substance use. Higher levels of conscientiousness moderated two of the other trait main effects. Personality, trait change, and interactions among traits reliably forecasted 10-year substance-use behaviors.

KW - Change

KW - Conscientiousness

KW - Drinking

KW - Drug

KW - Interactions

KW - Personality

KW - Smoking

KW - Substance use

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Personality and substance use in midlife: Conscientiousness as a moderator and the effects of trait change

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Online availability

Library availability

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