Person-environment fit

This chapter begins with a brief review of the historical roots of person–environment fit (P-E fit) theories, retracing how the traditional trait-factor approach evolved into the present-day P-E fit approach to understand individual differences in career choices, behaviors, and outcomes. Next, we identify and define critical elements and assumptions of P-E fit theories and present an overview of eminent P-E fit theories in contemporary career counseling and organizational contexts. We then discuss advancements in P-E fit research, focusing particularly on issues pertaining to the conceptualization and operationalization of fit. Finally, we consider the implications of these advancements for career intervention research and practice and suggest future directions that are critical to advancing the P-E fit approach.