@article{0b85042c81414fc4bb16eae5c8607f58,
title = "Performance of Medium-to-High Rise Reinforced Concrete Frame Buildings with Masonry Infill in the 2015 Gorkha, Nepal, Earthquake",
abstract = "Following the 25 April 2015 Mw 7.8 Gorkha, Nepal, earthquake and subsequent aftershocks, field surveys were conducted on medium-to-high rise reinforced concrete (RC) frame buildings with masonry infill located in the Kathmandu Valley. Rapid visual assessment, ambient vibration testing, and ground-based lidar (GBL) showed that these buildings suffered damage ranging from light to severe, where damage occurred in both structural and nonstructural elements, but was most prevalent in nonstructural masonry infills. Finite-element structural analyses of selected buildings corroborate field observations of only modest structural damage. The lack of severe structural damage in this relatively limited class of engineered medium-to-high rise RC infill frame buildings illustrates the impact of modern seismic design standards and stands in stark contrast to the severe damage and collapse observed in low-rise nonengineered RC infill frame buildings. Nonetheless, the nonstructural damage hindered many of these buildings from being occupied for many months following the earthquake and subsequent aftershocks.",
author = "Barbosa, {Andre R.} and Fahnestock, {Larry A.} and Fick, {Damon R.} and Dipendra Gautam and Rajendra Soti and Richard Wood and Babak Moaveni and Andreas Stavridis and Olsen, {Michael J.} and Hugo Rodrigues",
note = "Funding Information: Partial support for this study with grants from the National Science Foundation (Grants 1254338, 1545632, and 1545595), the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (Rapid Response Grant), and the University of Nebraska Foundation is gratefully acknowledged. The authors express their gratitude to the building owners who provided access for post-earthquake inspection. They also acknowledge Dr. Daniel Gillins, Mr. Mathew Gillins, Mr. Supratik Bose, Mr. Patrick Burns, Mr. Sandip Timsina, Mr. Mohammad Ebrahim Mohammadi, Mr. Mohammad Asaad Mohammad, and Mr. L. Yu for their assistance in the collection and processing of ambient vibration and GBL data sets. In addition, the fourth author would like to acknowledge Mr Suraj Malla. Support of the research Unit RISCO (FCT/UID/ECI/04450/2014) to the last author is also acknowledged. Appreciated as well are Leica Geosystems for hardware and/or software and David Evans and Associates for the field survey. The opinions, findings, and conclusions expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of those acknowledged here. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2017, Earthquake Engineering Research Institute",
year = "2017",
month = dec,
doi = "10.1193/051017EQS087M",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "33",
pages = "S197--S218",
journal = "Earthquake Spectra",
issn = "8755-2930",
publisher = "Earthquake Engineering Research Institute",
number = "Special issue 1",
}