TY - JOUR
T1 - Paradigms and proboscideans in the southern Great Lakes region, USA
AU - Saunders, Jeffrey J.
AU - Grimm, Eric C.
AU - Widga, Christopher C.
AU - Campbell, G. Dennis
AU - Curry, B. Brandon
AU - Grimley, David A.
AU - Hanson, Paul R.
AU - McCullum, Judd P.
AU - Oliver, James S.
AU - Treworgy, Janis D.
N1 - Funding Information:
Our appreciation is extended to the volume editors who previously organized the symposium honoring the contributions of our colleague, Ernie Lundelius. For the AMS determination of the age of the Principia College mammoth we thank Kena Fox-Dobbs and Paul L. Koch (University of California, Santa Cruz). Limb bone measurements reported for the Principia College mammoth were obtained by Rachel Lindstrom. For access to the Lincoln College mammoth we thank President John M. Hutchinson and the Board of Trustees of Lincoln College (Lincoln, Illinois). Funds in support of this mammoth's age determination were provided in part by the Lincoln Orbit Earth Science Society (Rochester, Illinois). For access to the Brewster Creek mastodont we thank Daniel Terpstra (Applied Ecological Services) and Leslie Berns (Forest Preserve District of DuPage County), and for access to the Aurora mastodonts, we thank James Pilmer (Director, Parks and Recreation, City of Aurora, Illinois). Funding for age determinations of the Aurora mastodonts were provided by the City of Aurora. Field, laboratory, and logistical support were provided by the Principia College Geologic Field Studies classes, 2002–2008; the 2005–2008 Environmental Biology students of Lincoln College; James Pilmer; the Waubonsee Community College (Sugar Grove, Illinois) Aurora Mastodont Project Field School; Aurora Mastodont Project volunteers (Jane Regnier, Waubonsee Community College, Coordinator); David Voorhees (Waubonsee Community College); David Walker (Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, Illinois); Catherine Yansa (Michigan State University, East Lansing); Michael Miller (University of Illinois, Springfield); and by Gary Andrashko, Doug Carr, Paul Countryman, Becky Dyer, Meredith Mahoney, R. Bruce McMillan, Pietra Mueller, and Bonnie W. Styles (Illinois State Museum, Springfield). Thomas W. Stafford, Jr. (Stafford Research Laboratories, Lafayette, Colorado) coordinated the dating of the Aurora and Brewster Creek mastodonts. We also thank two anonymous reviewers. Pollen work was supported by NSF grant DEB-0613952 to E. C. Grimm.
PY - 2010/4/15
Y1 - 2010/4/15
N2 - Thirteen new chronometric dates for Illinois proboscideans are considered in relation to well-dated pollen records from northeastern and central Illinois. These dates span an interval from 21,228 to 12,944 cal BP. When compared to pollen spectra, it is evident that Mammut americanum inhabited spruce (Picea) and black ash (Fraxinus nigra) forest during the Bølling-Allerød (14,700-12,900 cal BP) and early Younger Dryas (12,900-11,650 cal BP) chronozones. Both Mammuthus jeffersonii and Mammuthus primigenius inhabited spruce dominated open-woodland during the Oldest Dryas chronozone, while M. primigenius persisted in a forest of predominantly black ash during the Allerød chronozone. A newly discovered specimen from Lincoln, IL, clarifies the taxonomic distinction between M. primigenius and M. jeffersonii. Hitherto, a paradigm of proboscidean succession during the full- to late-glacial periods was based on the vegetation succession of steppe tundra-like vegetation to spruce forest to spruce-deciduous forest. The presumed proboscidean succession was that of cold, dry steppe-adapted M. primigenius succeeded by more mesic-tolerant M. jeffersonii that in turn was succeeded by the wet forest-adapted M. americanum. Reported data do not support this view and indicate a need for re-evaluation of assumptions of proboscidean ecology and history, e.g., the environmental tolerances and habits of M. primigenius in regions south of 55°N, and its dynamic relationship with other proboscidean taxa.
AB - Thirteen new chronometric dates for Illinois proboscideans are considered in relation to well-dated pollen records from northeastern and central Illinois. These dates span an interval from 21,228 to 12,944 cal BP. When compared to pollen spectra, it is evident that Mammut americanum inhabited spruce (Picea) and black ash (Fraxinus nigra) forest during the Bølling-Allerød (14,700-12,900 cal BP) and early Younger Dryas (12,900-11,650 cal BP) chronozones. Both Mammuthus jeffersonii and Mammuthus primigenius inhabited spruce dominated open-woodland during the Oldest Dryas chronozone, while M. primigenius persisted in a forest of predominantly black ash during the Allerød chronozone. A newly discovered specimen from Lincoln, IL, clarifies the taxonomic distinction between M. primigenius and M. jeffersonii. Hitherto, a paradigm of proboscidean succession during the full- to late-glacial periods was based on the vegetation succession of steppe tundra-like vegetation to spruce forest to spruce-deciduous forest. The presumed proboscidean succession was that of cold, dry steppe-adapted M. primigenius succeeded by more mesic-tolerant M. jeffersonii that in turn was succeeded by the wet forest-adapted M. americanum. Reported data do not support this view and indicate a need for re-evaluation of assumptions of proboscidean ecology and history, e.g., the environmental tolerances and habits of M. primigenius in regions south of 55°N, and its dynamic relationship with other proboscidean taxa.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.quaint.2009.07.031
DO - 10.1016/j.quaint.2009.07.031
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:77950526994
SN - 1040-6182
VL - 217
SP - 175
EP - 187
JO - Quaternary International
JF - Quaternary International
IS - 1-2
ER -