Outpatient treatment with concomitant vaccine-boosted convalescent plasma for patients with immunosuppression and COVID-19

Juan G. Ripoll, Sidna M. Tulledge-Scheitel, Anthony A. Stephenson, Shane Ford, Marsha L. Pike, Ellen K. Gorman, Sara N. Hanson, Justin E. Juskewitch, Alex J. Miller, Solomiia Zaremba, Erik A. Ovrom, Raymund R. Razonable, Ravindra Ganesh, Ryan T. Hurt, Erin N. Fischer, Amber N. Derr, Michele R. Eberle, Jennifer J. Larsen, Christina M. Carney, Elitza S. TheelSameer A. Parikh, Neil E. Kay, Michael J. Joyner, Jonathon W. Senefeld

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Although severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and hospitalization associated with COVID-19 are generally preventable among healthy vaccine recipients, patients with immunosuppression have poor immunogenic responses to COVID-19 vaccines and remain at high risk of infection with SARS-CoV-2 and hospitalization. In addition, monoclonal antibody therapy is limited by the emergence of novel SARSCoV-2 variants that have serially escaped neutralization. In this context, there is interest in understanding the clinical benefit associated with COVID-19 convalescent plasma collected from persons who have been both naturally infected with SARS-CoV-2 and vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 (“vax-plasma”). Thus, we report the clinical outcome of 386 immunocompromised outpatients who were diagnosed with COVID-19 and who received contemporary COVID-19-specific therapeutics (standard-of-care group) and a subgroup who also received concomitant treatment with very high titer COVID-19 convalescent plasma (vax-plasma group) with a specific focus on hospitalization rates. The overall hospitalization rate was 2.2% (5 of 225 patients) in the vax-plasma group and 6.2% (10 of 161 patients) in the standard-of-care group, which corresponded to a relative risk reduction of 65% (P = 0.046). Evidence of efficacy in nonvaccinated patients cannot be inferred from these data because 94% (361 of 386 patients) of patients were vaccinated. In vaccinated patients with immunosuppression and COVID-19, the addition of vax-plasma or very high titer COVID-19 convalescent plasma to COVID-19-specific therapies reduced the risk of disease progression leading to hospitalization.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Article numbere0040024
JournalmBio
Volume15
Issue number5
Early online dateApr 11 2024
DOIs
StatePublished - May 2024

Keywords

  • antibody therapy
  • immunocompromised hosts
  • SARS-CoV-2

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Virology
  • Microbiology

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'Outpatient treatment with concomitant vaccine-boosted convalescent plasma for patients with immunosuppression and COVID-19'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this