TY - JOUR
T1 - Offshore, re-shore, re-offshore
T2 - what happened to global manufacturing location between 2007 and 2014?
AU - Gao, Xiang
AU - Hewings, Geoffrey J.D.
AU - Yang, Cuihong
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant Numbers 72103184, 71988101, 71673269]; and the Chinese Scholarship Council.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Cambridge Political Economy Society. All rights reserved.
PY - 2022/7/1
Y1 - 2022/7/1
N2 - The global manufacturing location is a dynamic result of competing relocation patterns (i.e., offshoring, re-shoring and re-offshoring). This paper proposes a systematic approach to simultaneously measuring the magnitude of those relocation patterns, overcoming the shortcomings of the existing measurements and establishing a data foundation for capturing the process-specific, industry-specific and country-specific features in different relocation patterns. The empirical evidence prior to 2014 confirms that: (i) re-shoring is more likely to be adopted in capital- or technology-intensive manufacturing; (ii) manufacturing production previously offshored to the high-income economies is much more locationally flexible and (iii) re-shoring, especially that in the labour-intensive industries, is more likely to happen with a higher degree of proximity between countries.
AB - The global manufacturing location is a dynamic result of competing relocation patterns (i.e., offshoring, re-shoring and re-offshoring). This paper proposes a systematic approach to simultaneously measuring the magnitude of those relocation patterns, overcoming the shortcomings of the existing measurements and establishing a data foundation for capturing the process-specific, industry-specific and country-specific features in different relocation patterns. The empirical evidence prior to 2014 confirms that: (i) re-shoring is more likely to be adopted in capital- or technology-intensive manufacturing; (ii) manufacturing production previously offshored to the high-income economies is much more locationally flexible and (iii) re-shoring, especially that in the labour-intensive industries, is more likely to happen with a higher degree of proximity between countries.
KW - industry relocation
KW - offshoring
KW - production location re-configuration
KW - re-offshoring
KW - re-shoring
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U2 - 10.1093/cjres/rsac004
DO - 10.1093/cjres/rsac004
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85133709796
SN - 1752-1378
VL - 15
SP - 183
EP - 206
JO - Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society
JF - Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society
IS - 2
ER -