TY - JOUR
T1 - Off-diagonal correlators of conserved charges from lattice QCD and how to relate them to experiment
AU - Bellwied, R.
AU - Borsányi, S.
AU - Fodor, Z.
AU - Guenther, J. N.
AU - Noronha-Hostler, J.
AU - Parotto, P.
AU - Pásztor, A.
AU - Ratti, C.
AU - Stafford, J. M.
N1 - Funding Information:
This project was partly funded by the DFG Grant No. SFB/TR55 and also supported by the Hungarian National Research, Development and Innovation Office, NKFIH Grants No. KKP126769 and No. K113034. The project also received support from the BMBF Grant No. 05P18PXFCA. Parts of this work were supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. PHY-1654219 and by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Nuclear Physics, within the framework of the Beam Energy Scan Theory (BEST) Topical Collaboration. A. P. is supported by the János Bolyai Research Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and by the ÚNKP-19-4 New National Excellence Program of the Ministry of Innovation and Technology. The authors gratefully acknowledge the Gauss Centre for Supercomputing e.V. for funding this project by providing computing time on the GCS Supercomputer JUWELS and JURECA/Booster at Jülich Supercomputing Centre (JSC), and on SUPERMUC-NG at LRZ, Munich as well as on HAZELHEN at HLRS Stuttgart, Germany. C. R. also acknowledges the support from the Center of Advanced Computing and Data Systems at the University of Houston. J. N. H. acknowledges the support of the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, support from the U.S. DOE Nuclear Science Grant No. de-sc0019175. R. B. acknowledges support from the U.S. DOE Nuclear Physics Grant No. DE-FG02-07ER41521. We acknowledge PRACE for awarding us access to Piz Daint hosted at CSCS, Switzerland.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 authors. Published by the American Physical Society. Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI. Funded by SCOAP.
PY - 2020/2/10
Y1 - 2020/2/10
N2 - Like fluctuations, nondiagonal correlators of conserved charges provide a tool for the study of chemical freeze-out in heavy ion collisions. They can be calculated in thermal equilibrium using lattice simulations, and be connected to moments of event-by-event net-particle multiplicity distributions. We calculate them from continuum-extrapolated lattice simulations at μB=0, and present a finite-μB extrapolation, comparing two different methods. In order to relate the grand canonical observables to the experimentally available net-particle fluctuations and correlations, we perform a hadron resonance gas model analysis, which allows us to completely break down the contributions from different hadrons. We then construct suitable hadronic proxies for fluctuation ratios, and study their behavior at finite chemical potentials. We also study the effect of introducing acceptance cuts, and argue that the small dependence of certain ratios on the latter allows for a direct comparison with lattice QCD results, provided that the same cuts are applied to all hadronic species. Finally, we perform a comparison for the constructed quantities for experimentally available measurements from the STAR Collaboration. Thus, we estimate the chemical freeze-out temperature to 165 MeV using a strangeness-related proxy. This is a rather high temperature for the use of the hadron resonance gas; thus, further lattice studies are necessary to provide first principle results at intermediate μB.
AB - Like fluctuations, nondiagonal correlators of conserved charges provide a tool for the study of chemical freeze-out in heavy ion collisions. They can be calculated in thermal equilibrium using lattice simulations, and be connected to moments of event-by-event net-particle multiplicity distributions. We calculate them from continuum-extrapolated lattice simulations at μB=0, and present a finite-μB extrapolation, comparing two different methods. In order to relate the grand canonical observables to the experimentally available net-particle fluctuations and correlations, we perform a hadron resonance gas model analysis, which allows us to completely break down the contributions from different hadrons. We then construct suitable hadronic proxies for fluctuation ratios, and study their behavior at finite chemical potentials. We also study the effect of introducing acceptance cuts, and argue that the small dependence of certain ratios on the latter allows for a direct comparison with lattice QCD results, provided that the same cuts are applied to all hadronic species. Finally, we perform a comparison for the constructed quantities for experimentally available measurements from the STAR Collaboration. Thus, we estimate the chemical freeze-out temperature to 165 MeV using a strangeness-related proxy. This is a rather high temperature for the use of the hadron resonance gas; thus, further lattice studies are necessary to provide first principle results at intermediate μB.
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U2 - 10.1103/PhysRevD.101.034506
DO - 10.1103/PhysRevD.101.034506
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85119072456
SN - 2470-0010
VL - 101
JO - Physical Review D
JF - Physical Review D
IS - 3
M1 - 034506
ER -