@article{5b53f93ddd4b423f80be4000f0ec40d5,
title = "Nongenotropic, sex-nonspecific signaling through the estrogen or androgen receptors: Dissociation from transcriptional activity",
abstract = "The relationship of the classical receptors and their transcriptional activity to nongenotropic effects of steroid hormones is unknown. We demonstrate herein a novel paradigm of sex steroid action on osteoblasts, osteocytes, embryonic fibroblasts, and HeLa cells involving activation of a Src/Shc/ERK signaling pathway and attenuating apoptosis. This action is mediated by the ligand binding domain and eliminated by nuclear targeting of the receptor protein; ERα, ERβ, or AR can transmit it with similar efficiency irrespective of whether the ligand is an estrogen or an androgen. This antiapoptotic action can be dissociated from the transcriptional activity of the receptor with synthetic ligands, providing proof of principle for the development of function-specific - as opposed to tissue-selective - and gender-neutral pharmacotherapeutics.",
author = "S. Kousteni and T. Bellido and Plotkin, {L. I.} and O'Brien, {C. A.} and Bodenner, {D. L.} and L. Han and K. Han and DiGregorio, {G. B.} and Katzenellenbogen, {J. A.} and Katzenellenbogen, {B. S.} and Roberson, {P. K.} and Weinstein, {R. S.} and Jilka, {R. L.} and Manolagas, {S. C.}",
note = "Funding Information: The authors wish to thank Drs. Donald McDonnell and Ching-Yi Chang, Deptartment of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, for the generous provision of the ER peptide antagonists; Margaret McIntire, Jerit Davis, Catherine Smith, Randal Shelton, Julie Crawford, and Frances Swain for technical assistance in the conduct of these studies, Tonya Smith for the preparation of the manuscript, and Dr. Geoffrey Greene, University of Chicago, for critical prereview of the manuscript. This research was supported by the NIH (P01-AG13918 and R01-AR43003), the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA Merit Reviews and a Research Enhancement Award Program), and the 1999 Allied Signal award for Research on Aging.",
year = "2001",
month = mar,
day = "9",
doi = "10.1016/s0092-8674(01)00268-9",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "104",
pages = "719--730",
journal = "Cell",
issn = "0092-8674",
publisher = "Cell Press",
number = "5",
}