TY - JOUR
T1 - Motion-indicated interest dissemination with directional antennas for wireless sensor networks with mobile sinks
AU - Wu, Yiqun
AU - Zhang, Lin
AU - Wu, Yihong
AU - Niu, Zhisheng
N1 - Funding Information:
Manuscript received July 24, 2007; revised March 18, 2008, May 1, 2008, and May 2, 2008. First published June 3, 2008; current version published February 17, 2009. This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation of China (NSFC) under Grant 60672107, by the Hi-tech Research and Development Program of China under Grant 2006AA10Z261 and Grant 2006AA10A301, by the NSFC/Hong Kong Research Grants Council Joint Research Scheme under Grant 60731160631, and by the China 973 Project under Grant 2007CB307105 and Grant 2007CB310607. The review of this paper was coordinated by Prof. V. Leung.
PY - 2009
Y1 - 2009
N2 - Introducing mobile sinks into wireless sensor networks improves energy efficiency and prolongs network lifetime. Mobile sinks are also in demand in many sensor network applications. However, sink mobility causes frequent topology changes, resulting in high packet loss rate and poor energy efficiency. A directional-antenna-assisted reactive routing protocol, namely, interest dissemination with directional antennas (IDDA), is proposed to solve this problem. Different from traditional interest diffusion routing protocols, IDDA exploits the directional antenna on the mobile sink to prearrange interest dissemination along the direction of motion. The antenna directionality and the transmission power can indicate the motion of the mobile sink. An analytical model is established to calculate the optimal width of the antenna beam pattern and the optimal transmitting power. The multiple IDDA scheme, which is an enhancement to IDDA that can further improve network performance, is also presented. Extensive simulation results show that IDDA outperforms the traditional directed diffusion protocol, which guarantees that IDDA can be applied to sensor networks with highly mobile data sinks.
AB - Introducing mobile sinks into wireless sensor networks improves energy efficiency and prolongs network lifetime. Mobile sinks are also in demand in many sensor network applications. However, sink mobility causes frequent topology changes, resulting in high packet loss rate and poor energy efficiency. A directional-antenna-assisted reactive routing protocol, namely, interest dissemination with directional antennas (IDDA), is proposed to solve this problem. Different from traditional interest diffusion routing protocols, IDDA exploits the directional antenna on the mobile sink to prearrange interest dissemination along the direction of motion. The antenna directionality and the transmission power can indicate the motion of the mobile sink. An analytical model is established to calculate the optimal width of the antenna beam pattern and the optimal transmitting power. The multiple IDDA scheme, which is an enhancement to IDDA that can further improve network performance, is also presented. Extensive simulation results show that IDDA outperforms the traditional directed diffusion protocol, which guarantees that IDDA can be applied to sensor networks with highly mobile data sinks.
KW - Beam pattern
KW - Directional antenna
KW - Mobile sink
KW - Wireless sensor network (WSN)
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=61449197752&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=61449197752&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/TVT.2008.926617
DO - 10.1109/TVT.2008.926617
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:61449197752
SN - 0018-9545
VL - 58
SP - 977
EP - 989
JO - IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology
JF - IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology
IS - 2
ER -