Morphology-controlled flame synthesis of single, branched, and flower-like α-MoO₃ nanobelt arrays

We report an atmospheric, catalyst-free, rapid flame synthesis technique for growing single, branched, and flower-like α-MoO₃ nanobelt arrays on diverse substrates. The growth rate, morphology, and surface coverage density of the α-MoO₃ nanobelts were controlled by varying the flame equivalence ratio, the source temperature, the growth substrate temperature, and the material and morphology of the growth substrate. This flame synthesis technique is a promising, alternative way to synthesize one-dimensional metal oxide nanostructures in general.