@inproceedings{568ddae93a044bdc9e08c2525603818f,
title = "Modeling of the dynamic-bulging-induced surface level fluctuations in continuous casting",
abstract = "Mold level fluctuations in continuous casting of steel slabs give rise to slag inclusions, strand surface cracks, and, in severe cases, breakouts. One of the main causes of mold level fluctuations is dynamic bulging, which arises due to periodic squeezing of the strand in the spray cooling zones beneath the mold. This paper presents two models to predict the effect of dynamic bulging on liquid level variations. The first model estimates mold level variations due to dynamic bulging based on two submodels: 1) a computational heat flow model of the continuous casting process that outputs strand surface temperature and shell thickness to an empirical equation to estimate the maximum inner-roll bulging amplitude under steady casting conditions, and 2) an analytical geometric model that calculates the dynamic shape of the bulged shell and the resulting mold level fluctuations, based on the output from the first model and an assumed frozen fraction history. The second model is a simple analytical calculation of the dynamic bulging effect based on the difference between two plant measurements: the mold level sensor data and the stopper rod position, together with a model that predicts the effect of inlet flow variations from the tundish through the SEN into the mold under transient conditions, caused by the measured stopper rod movements, including the effects of erosion. The predictions from these two models are compared to gain new insight into the mold level fluctuations caused by dynamic bulging. At present, this comparison shows quantitative similarities, but also noticeable discrepancy. Steps to improve the accuracy of both models are discussed.",
keywords = "Continuous casting, Dynamic bulging, Frozen fraction, Heuristic geometric modification, Shell profile, Shell thickness",
author = "Zhengtao Xu and Zhelin Chen and Lu Chen and Bryan Petrus and Madison Milligan and Daniel Stephens and Joseph Bentsman and Thomas, {Brian G.}",
note = "This work is supported by Nucor Steel Decatur and the Continuous Casting Center at the Colorado School of Mines. Special thanks are extended to Nucor Steel Decatur for continuously providing the plant measurements and caster information.; AISTech 2020 Iron and Steel Technology Conference ; Conference date: 31-08-2020 Through 03-09-2020",
year = "2020",
doi = "10.33313/380/090",
language = "English (US)",
series = "AISTech - Iron and Steel Technology Conference Proceedings",
publisher = "Iron and Steel Society",
pages = "851--866",
booktitle = "Proceedings of the Iron and Steel Technology Conference, AISTech 2020",
address = "United States",
}