TY - JOUR
T1 - Microstructures and properties of high-entropy alloys
AU - Zhang, Yong
AU - Zuo, Ting Ting
AU - Tang, Zhi
AU - Gao, Michael C.
AU - Dahmen, Karin A.
AU - Liaw, Peter K.
AU - Lu, Zhao Ping
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors are indebted to Prof. G.L. Chen, who passed away in 2011, for his pioneering work in HEAs and academic guidance. The authors are also grateful to Prof. W.K. Wang, Prof. W.H. Wang, Prof. Y. Li, Prof. H.A. Davies, Prof. Z.Q. Sun, Prof. T.G. Nieh, Prof. X.D. Hui, Prof. J.P. Lin, Dr. Y.Q. Cheng, and Dr. G.Y. Wang for valuable discussion, comments and advices. Z.Y. is grateful to the financial support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 50971019, 51010001 and 51001009), 111 Project (B07003) and Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University. P.K.L. appreciates the support from the US National Science Foundation (DMR-0909037, CMMI-0900271, and CMMI-1100080), the Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Nuclear Energy’s Nuclear Energy University Program (NEUP) 00119262, and the DOE, Office of Fossil Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory (DE-FE-0008855). K.A.D and P.K.L thank DOE for the support through project DE-FE-0011194 with the project manager, S. Markovich. M.C.G and P.K.L very much appreciates the support from the U.S. Army Research Office project (W911NF-13-1-0438) with the program manager, S.N. Mathaudhu. M.C.G. acknowledges support of the Innovative Processing and Technologies Program of the National Energy Technology Laboratory’s (NETL) Strategic Center for Coal under the RES contract DE-FE-0004000. This work used the computing facility at Texas Advanced Computing Center (TACC) through Award# DMR120048 by the Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE), which is supported by National Science Foundation grant number OCI-1053575.
PY - 2014/4
Y1 - 2014/4
N2 - This paper reviews the recent research and development of high-entropy alloys (HEAs). HEAs are loosely defined as solid solution alloys that contain more than five principal elements in equal or near equal atomic percent (at.%). The concept of high entropy introduces a new path of developing advanced materials with unique properties, which cannot be achieved by the conventional micro-alloying approach based on only one dominant element. Up to date, many HEAs with promising properties have been reported, e.g., high wear-resistant HEAs, Co1.5CrFeNi1.5Ti and Al0.2Co 1.5CrFeNi1.5Ti alloys; high-strength body-centered-cubic (BCC) AlCoCrFeNi HEAs at room temperature, and NbMoTaV HEA at elevated temperatures. Furthermore, the general corrosion resistance of the Cu 0.5NiAlCoCrFeSi HEA is much better than that of the conventional 304-stainless steel. This paper first reviews HEA formation in relation to thermodynamics, kinetics, and processing. Physical, magnetic, chemical, and mechanical properties are then discussed. Great details are provided on the plastic deformation, fracture, and magnetization from the perspectives of crackling noise and Barkhausen noise measurements, and the analysis of serrations on stress-strain curves at specific strain rates or testing temperatures, as well as the serrations of the magnetization hysteresis loops. The comparison between conventional and high-entropy bulk metallic glasses is analyzed from the viewpoints of eutectic composition, dense atomic packing, and entropy of mixing. Glass forming ability and plastic properties of high-entropy bulk metallic glasses are also discussed. Modeling techniques applicable to HEAs are introduced and discussed, such as ab initio molecular dynamics simulations and CALPHAD modeling. Finally, future developments and potential new research directions for HEAs are proposed.
AB - This paper reviews the recent research and development of high-entropy alloys (HEAs). HEAs are loosely defined as solid solution alloys that contain more than five principal elements in equal or near equal atomic percent (at.%). The concept of high entropy introduces a new path of developing advanced materials with unique properties, which cannot be achieved by the conventional micro-alloying approach based on only one dominant element. Up to date, many HEAs with promising properties have been reported, e.g., high wear-resistant HEAs, Co1.5CrFeNi1.5Ti and Al0.2Co 1.5CrFeNi1.5Ti alloys; high-strength body-centered-cubic (BCC) AlCoCrFeNi HEAs at room temperature, and NbMoTaV HEA at elevated temperatures. Furthermore, the general corrosion resistance of the Cu 0.5NiAlCoCrFeSi HEA is much better than that of the conventional 304-stainless steel. This paper first reviews HEA formation in relation to thermodynamics, kinetics, and processing. Physical, magnetic, chemical, and mechanical properties are then discussed. Great details are provided on the plastic deformation, fracture, and magnetization from the perspectives of crackling noise and Barkhausen noise measurements, and the analysis of serrations on stress-strain curves at specific strain rates or testing temperatures, as well as the serrations of the magnetization hysteresis loops. The comparison between conventional and high-entropy bulk metallic glasses is analyzed from the viewpoints of eutectic composition, dense atomic packing, and entropy of mixing. Glass forming ability and plastic properties of high-entropy bulk metallic glasses are also discussed. Modeling techniques applicable to HEAs are introduced and discussed, such as ab initio molecular dynamics simulations and CALPHAD modeling. Finally, future developments and potential new research directions for HEAs are proposed.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2013.10.001
DO - 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2013.10.001
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:84890072262
SN - 0079-6425
VL - 61
SP - 1
EP - 93
JO - Progress in Materials Science
JF - Progress in Materials Science
ER -