TY - JOUR
T1 - Memory and aging
T2 - An event-related brain potential perspective
AU - Friedman, David
AU - Fabiani, Monica
N1 - Funding Information:
This chapter will concern itself primarily with the explicit/implicit memory distinction that has recently become one of the most intensively researched areas within cognitive neuroscience in general and the cognitive aging field in particular. In keeping with the scope of the current volume, virtually all of the ERP studies of explicit and implict memory-related phenomena have employed words as stimuli. Thus, the conclusions we reach at the end of this chapter apply almost exclusively to verbal memory. We will first introduce the explicit/implicit memory distinction and briefly review the major behaviorally-based findings with respect to cognitive aging. We will then briefly discuss the neuropatholo~cal data, considering the extent to which these findings can explain the age-related dissociation between performance on direct Address correspondence and requests for reprints to: Dr. David Friedman, Cognitive Electrophysiology Laboratory, Unit 58, New York Psychiatric Institute, 722 West 168th Street, New York City, New York 10032. Phone: (212):960-2476. Fax: (212):781-2661. E-mail: [email protected] ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS: The authors express their deep appreciation to the collaborators on the various projects described in this review, Drs. Steven Berman, Maria Hamberger, Victoria Kazmerski, Walter Ritter, Gregory Simpson, and Joan G. Snodgrass. In addition, we thank Mr. Charles L. Brown for preliminary data reduction and computer programming, and Ms. Charlotte Trott, Ms. Blanca Rincon, Mr. Sean Hewitt, and Mr. Jeff Cheng for their aid in the collection and analysis of data resulting from several of the studies reported here. We thank Ms. Rachel Yarmolinsky and Ms. Eve Vaag for the construction and photo reproduction of figures. Many thanks to Dr. Ted Bashore for providing us with critical commentary and editorial assistance. Thanks also to Dr. Ray Johnson, Jr. for his criticial commentary. Preparation of this chapter was supported in part by grants AG05213 and AG09988 from the NIA, and by the New York State Department of Mental Hygieffe: The Computer Center at New York State Psychiatric Institute is supported in part by a grant (MH-30906) from the National Institute of Mental Health. David Friedman is supported by Research Scientist Development Award #K02 MH00510 from NIMH.
PY - 1995/1/1
Y1 - 1995/1/1
N2 - This chapter discusses an event-related brain potential (ERP) perspective and the results of studies on the cognitive aging of memory-related phenomena. The chapter is concerned primarily with the explicit/implicit memory distinction that has recently become one of the most intensively researched areas within cognitive neuroscience in general and the cognitive aging field in particular. The explicit/implicit memory distinctions are introduced and the major behaviorally based findings with respect to cognitive aging are briefly reviewed. The chapter briefly discusses the neuropathological data, considering the extent to which these findings can explain the age-related dissociation between performance on direct and indirect tests of memory. A second intensive area of investigation within cognitive aging, in which traditional psychometric and experimental neuropsychological techniques, as well as psychophysiological techniques, have been brought to bear, is the extent to which memory deficits can be explained by changes in frontal lobe function in older individuals. The performance data is considered first, followed in a later section by ERP findings from this laboratory. After these introductory sections concerned primarily with behaviorally based data are presented, memory-related ERP phenomena in young adults is reviewed, with a review of the extant memory-related ERP aging literature.
AB - This chapter discusses an event-related brain potential (ERP) perspective and the results of studies on the cognitive aging of memory-related phenomena. The chapter is concerned primarily with the explicit/implicit memory distinction that has recently become one of the most intensively researched areas within cognitive neuroscience in general and the cognitive aging field in particular. The explicit/implicit memory distinctions are introduced and the major behaviorally based findings with respect to cognitive aging are briefly reviewed. The chapter briefly discusses the neuropathological data, considering the extent to which these findings can explain the age-related dissociation between performance on direct and indirect tests of memory. A second intensive area of investigation within cognitive aging, in which traditional psychometric and experimental neuropsychological techniques, as well as psychophysiological techniques, have been brought to bear, is the extent to which memory deficits can be explained by changes in frontal lobe function in older individuals. The performance data is considered first, followed in a later section by ERP findings from this laboratory. After these introductory sections concerned primarily with behaviorally based data are presented, memory-related ERP phenomena in young adults is reviewed, with a review of the extant memory-related ERP aging literature.
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U2 - 10.1016/S0166-4115(06)80078-6
DO - 10.1016/S0166-4115(06)80078-6
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:77956728191
SN - 0166-4115
VL - 110
SP - 345
EP - 389
JO - Advances in Psychology
JF - Advances in Psychology
IS - C
ER -