@article{688241e3db5c4d26882a27016acd1f02,
title = "Longitudinal Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Breakthrough Infections Reveals Limited Infectious Virus Shedding and Restricted Tissue Distribution",
abstract = "Background: The global effort to vaccinate people against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) during an ongoing pandemic has raised questions about how vaccine breakthrough infections compare with infections in immunologically naive individuals and the potential for vaccinated individuals to transmit the virus.Methods: We examined viral dynamics and infectious virus shedding through daily longitudinal sampling in 23 adults infected with SARS-CoV-2 at varying stages of vaccination, including 6 fully vaccinated individuals.Results: The durations of both infectious virus shedding and symptoms were significantly reduced in vaccinated individuals compared with unvaccinated individuals. We also observed that breakthrough infections are associated with strong tissue compartmentalization and are only detectable in saliva in some cases.Conclusions: Vaccination shortens the duration of time of high transmission potential, minimizes symptom duration, and may restrict tissue dissemination.",
keywords = "breakthrough infections, viral dynamics, vaccines, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19",
author = "Ruian Ke and Martinez, {Pamela P} and Smith, {Rebecca L} and Gibson, {Laura L} and Achenbach, {Chad J} and Sally McFall and Chao Qi and Joshua Jacob and Etienne Dembele and Camille Bundy and Simons, {Lacy M} and Ozer, {Egon A} and Hultquist, {Judd F} and Ramon Lorenzo-Redondo and Opdycke, {Anita K} and Claudia Hawkins and Murphy, {Robert L} and Agha Mirza and Madison Conte and Nicholas Gallagher and Luo, {Chun Huai} and Junko Jarrett and Abigail Conte and Ruifeng Zhou and Mireille Farjo and Gloria Rendon and Fields, {Christopher J} and Leyi Wang and Richard Fredrickson and Baughman, {Melinda E} and Chiu, {Karen K} and Hannah Choi and Scardina, {Kevin R} and Owens, {Alyssa N} and John Broach and Bruce Barton and Peter Lazar and Robinson, {Matthew L} and Mostafa, {Heba H} and Manabe, {Yukari C} and Andrew Pekosz and McManus, {David D} and Brooke, {Christopher B}",
note = "Financial support. This work was supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute at the National Institutes of Health (3U54HL143541-02S2) through the RADx-Tech program. This work was also supported by the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering through the Center for Innovation in Point of Care Technologies for HIV/AIDS at Northwestern (C-THAN; 3U54EB027049-02S1). The views expressed in this manuscript are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering; the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; the National Institutes of Health; or the US Department of Health and Human Services.",
year = "2022",
month = jul,
doi = "10.1093/ofid/ofac192",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "9",
journal = "Open Forum Infectious Diseases",
issn = "2328-8957",
publisher = "Oxford University Press",
number = "7",
}