@article{0be2413f6e80468886587426337b4440,
title = "Localization of Short-Chain Polyphosphate Enhances its Ability to Clot Flowing Blood Plasma",
abstract = "Short-chain polyphosphate (polyP) is released from platelets upon platelet activation, but it is not clear if it contributes to thrombosis. PolyP has increased propensity to clot blood with increased polymer length and when localized onto particles, but it is unknown whether spatial localization of short-chain polyP can accelerate clotting of flowing blood. Here, numerical simulations predicted the effect of localization of polyP on clotting under flow, and this was tested in vitro using microfluidics. Synthetic polyP was more effective at triggering clotting of flowing blood plasma when localized on a surface than when solubilized in solution or when localized as nanoparticles, accelerating clotting at 10-200 fold lower concentrations, particularly at low to sub-physiological shear rates typical of where thrombosis occurs in large veins or valves. Thus, sub-micromolar concentrations of short-chain polyP can accelerate clotting of flowing blood plasma under flow at low to sub-physiological shear rates. However, a physiological mechanism for the localization of polyP to platelet or vascular surfaces remains unknown.",
author = "Yeon, {Ju Hun} and Nima Mazinani and Schlappi, {Travis S.} and Chan, {Karen Y.T.} and Baylis, {James R.} and Smith, {Stephanie A.} and Donovan, {Alexander J.} and Damien Kudela and Stucky, {Galen D.} and Ying Liu and Morrissey, {James H.} and Kastrup, {Christian J.}",
note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by Award WQ81XWH-11-2-0021 from the U.S. Army Medical Research and Material Command. The U.S. Army Medical Research Acquisition Activity, 820 Chandler Street, Fort Detrick, MD 21702- 5014 is the awarding and administering acquisition office. The contents of this article do not necessarily reflect the position or the policy of the Government, and no official endorsement should be inferred. Aspects of the work were also funded by the by Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (418652-2012) the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (MOP-119426 and MSH-130166), Canadian Foundation for Innovation (31928) and the British Columbia Knowledge Development Fund. We thank Rustem F. Ismagilov for his helpful suggestions in conceptualizing and planning of experiments. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2017 The Author(s).",
year = "2017",
month = feb,
day = "10",
doi = "10.1038/srep42119",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "7",
journal = "Scientific Reports",
issn = "2045-2322",
publisher = "Nature Publishing Group",
}