TY - JOUR
T1 - Leisure-Time Physical Activity in Pregnancy and Maternal-Child Health
T2 - A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials and Cohort Studies
AU - da Silva, Shana G.
AU - Ricardo, Luiza I.
AU - Evenson, Kelly R.
AU - Hallal, Pedro C.
N1 - Funding Information:
Shana G. da Silva thanks the National Council of Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) for her scholarship. Luiza I. Ricardo thanks the Coordination for the improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) for her scholarship.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2016, Springer International Publishing Switzerland.
PY - 2017/2/1
Y1 - 2017/2/1
N2 - Background: Evidence suggests that leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) during pregnancy is associated with a reduced risk of preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and preterm birth. However, these results are inconsistent when comparing cohort studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Objective: The purpose of our study was to compare the associations between LTPA in pregnancy and maternal (GDM, preeclampsia, and weight gain during pregnancy) and child health outcomes (preterm birth, birthweight, and fetal growth) between RCTs and cohort studies. Methods: We performed a systematic search in PubMed, Web of Science, and EBSCO up to 31 August 2015. Inclusion criteria for experimental studies required randomized trials with a control group and exposure to a physical activity structured program. The inclusion criteria for cohort studies required information on LTPA during pregnancy as an exposure and at least one maternal–child health outcome. We assessed the methodological quality of all studies and performed a meta-analysis to produce summary estimates of the effects using random models. Results: We included 30 RCTs and 51 cohort studies. The meta-analysis of RCTs indicated that participation in LTPA was associated with lower weight gain during pregnancy, lower likelihood of GDM, and lower likelihood of delivering a large-for-gestational-age infant. Cohort studies indicated that participation in LTPA was associated with lower weight gain during pregnancy, lower likelihood of GDM, and lower risk of preterm delivery. Conclusions: Our findings support the promotion of LTPA in pregnancy as a strategy to improve maternal and child health.
AB - Background: Evidence suggests that leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) during pregnancy is associated with a reduced risk of preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and preterm birth. However, these results are inconsistent when comparing cohort studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Objective: The purpose of our study was to compare the associations between LTPA in pregnancy and maternal (GDM, preeclampsia, and weight gain during pregnancy) and child health outcomes (preterm birth, birthweight, and fetal growth) between RCTs and cohort studies. Methods: We performed a systematic search in PubMed, Web of Science, and EBSCO up to 31 August 2015. Inclusion criteria for experimental studies required randomized trials with a control group and exposure to a physical activity structured program. The inclusion criteria for cohort studies required information on LTPA during pregnancy as an exposure and at least one maternal–child health outcome. We assessed the methodological quality of all studies and performed a meta-analysis to produce summary estimates of the effects using random models. Results: We included 30 RCTs and 51 cohort studies. The meta-analysis of RCTs indicated that participation in LTPA was associated with lower weight gain during pregnancy, lower likelihood of GDM, and lower likelihood of delivering a large-for-gestational-age infant. Cohort studies indicated that participation in LTPA was associated with lower weight gain during pregnancy, lower likelihood of GDM, and lower risk of preterm delivery. Conclusions: Our findings support the promotion of LTPA in pregnancy as a strategy to improve maternal and child health.
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U2 - 10.1007/s40279-016-0565-2
DO - 10.1007/s40279-016-0565-2
M3 - Review article
C2 - 27282925
AN - SCOPUS:84973606491
SN - 0112-1642
VL - 47
SP - 295
EP - 317
JO - Sports Medicine
JF - Sports Medicine
IS - 2
ER -