Abstract
This article presents an 8.6-GHz oscillator utilizing the third-order antisymmetric overtone ( A}_{{3} ) in a lithium niobate (LiNbO3) radio frequency microelectromechanical systems (RF-MEMS) resonator. The oscillator consists of an acoustic resonator in a closed loop with cascaded RF tuned amplifiers (TAs) built on Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC) RF general purpose (GP) 65-nm complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS). The TAs bandpass response, set by on-chip inductors, satisfies Barkhausen's oscillation conditions for A}_{{3} while suppressing the fundamental and higher order resonances. Two circuit variations are implemented. The first is an 8.6-GHz standalone oscillator with a source-follower buffer for direct 50- Ω -based measurements. The second is an oscillator-divider chain using an on-chip three-stage divide-by-two frequency divider for a 1.1-GHz output. The standalone oscillator achieves a measured phase noise of -56, -113, and -135 dBc/Hz at 1 kHz, 100 kHz, and 1 MHz offsets from an 8.6-GHz output while consuming 10.2 mW of dc power. The oscillator also attains a figure-of-merit of 201.6 dB at 100-kHz offset, surpassing the state-of-the-art (SoA) oscillators-based electromagnetic (EM) and RF-MEMS. The oscillator-divider chain produces a phase noise of -69.4 and -147 dBc/Hz at 1 kHz and 1 MHz offsets from a 1075-MHz output while consuming 12 mW of dc power. Its phase noise performance also surpasses the SoA L -band phase-locked loops (PLLs). With further optimization, this work can enable low-power multistandard wireless transceivers featuring high speed, high sensitivity, and high selectivity in small-form factors.
Original language | English (US) |
---|---|
Article number | 9312619 |
Pages (from-to) | 1994-2004 |
Number of pages | 11 |
Journal | IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control |
Volume | 68 |
Issue number | 5 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - May 2021 |
Keywords
- 5G
- Acoustics
- Frequency synthesizers
- Lithium niobate
- MEMS
- Optical resonators
- oscillator
- Oscillators
- overtone
- Phase locked loops
- Phase noise
- phase noise
- Resonant frequency
- synthesizers
- microelectromechanical systems (MEMS)
- lithium niobate (LiNbO )
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Instrumentation
- Electrical and Electronic Engineering
- Acoustics and Ultrasonics