@article{90dbe191c43740f488bd36bacc79bfa5,
title = "Invited review: Genomic modifications of lactic acid bacteria and their applications in dairy fermentation",
abstract = "Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have a long history of safe use in milk fermentation and are generally recognized as health-promoting microorganisms when present in fermented foods. Lactic acid bacteria are also important components of the human intestinal microbiota and are widely used as probiotics. Considering their safe and health-beneficial properties, LAB are considered appropriate vehicles that can be genetically modified for food, industrial and pharmaceutical applications. Here, this review describes (1) the potential opportunities for application of genetically modified LAB strains in dairy fermentation and (2) the various genomic modification tools for LAB strains, such as random mutagenesis, adaptive laboratory evolution, conjugation, homologous recombination, recombineering, and CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat)-Cas (CRISPR-associated protein)-based genome engineering. Finally, this review also discusses the potential future developments of these genomic modification technologies and their applications in dairy fermentations.",
keywords = "CRISPR, dairy fermentation, genome modification, lactic acid bacteria",
author = "Zifan Xie and Olivia McAuliffe and Jin, {Yong Su} and Miller, {Michael J.}",
note = "Zifan Xie was supported by the Investment for Growth Program from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (Urbana, IL); Synthetic Biology for Food and Nutrition Innovation (SynFoNI). No human or animal subjects were used, so this analysis did not require approval by an Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee or Institutional Review Board. The authors have not stated any conflicts of interest. Nonstandard abbreviations used: ABR = antibiotic resistance; ALE = adaptive laboratory evolution; CBE = cytosine base editor; CRISPR = clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat; DSDB = double-strand DNA breaks; dsDNA = double-stranded DNA; EPS = exopolysaccharides; GM = genetically modified; GMM = genetically modified microorganisms; GMO = genetically modified organisms; gRNA = guide RNA; HTS = high-throughput screening; LAB = lactic acid bacteria; MGE = mobile genetic elements; PAM = protospacer adjacent motif; RM = random mutagenesis; RNAP = RNA polymerase; RNP = ribonucleoprotein complexes; SCM = self-cloning microorganisms; sgRNA = single-guide RNA; ssDNA = single-stranded DNA; UDG = uracil-DNA glycosylase; WT = wild-type. Zifan Xie was supported by the Investment for Growth Program from the University of Illinois; SynFONI 352 - Synthetic Biology for Food and Nutrition Innovation.",
year = "2024",
month = nov,
doi = "10.3168/jds.2024-24989",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "107",
pages = "8749--8764",
journal = "Journal of Dairy Science",
issn = "0022-0302",
publisher = "Elsevier Inc.",
number = "11",
}