TY - JOUR
T1 - Intensity, Frequency, and Differentiation of Discrete Emotion Categories in Daily Life and Their Associations With Depression, Worry, and Rumination
AU - Eckland, Nathaniel S.
AU - Sperry, Sarah H.
AU - Castro, Ariana A.
AU - Berenbaum, Howard
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 American Psychological Association
PY - 2021/11/11
Y1 - 2021/11/11
N2 - Previous research examining links between psychopathology and emotions in daily life have largely focused on disorder-specific patterns of mean-level positive and negative affect. In this study, we examined three transdiagnostic dimensions of psychopathology, namely depression, worry, and rumination, and their association with the intensity, frequency, and differentiation of discrete emotion categories endorsed in daily life. Three independent samples of young adults (total n = 614) completed baseline measures assessing depression, worry, and rumination followed by a 1-week daily diary procedure. Daily diaries assessed the following emotion categories: “tranquility,” “contentment,” “happiness,” “excitement,” “pride,” “sadness,” “boredom,” “guilt,” “fear,” and “anger.” Intensity, frequency, and differentiation were all calculated from daily emotion ratings. Psychopathology was associated with intensity and frequency of pleasant emotion, with intensity showing stronger associations. Intensity of contentment and happiness were most strongly associated with all three forms of psychopathology, whereas pride had the weakest associations. Psychopathology was associated with intensity and frequency of unpleasant emotions, with frequency tending to show stronger associations. Frequency of sadness and boredom were most strongly associated with depression, whereas the frequency and intensity of fear were similarly associated with depression and worry. Although psychopathology was associated with pleasant and unpleasant emotion differentiation, to our surprise, effect sizes were negligible to small.
AB - Previous research examining links between psychopathology and emotions in daily life have largely focused on disorder-specific patterns of mean-level positive and negative affect. In this study, we examined three transdiagnostic dimensions of psychopathology, namely depression, worry, and rumination, and their association with the intensity, frequency, and differentiation of discrete emotion categories endorsed in daily life. Three independent samples of young adults (total n = 614) completed baseline measures assessing depression, worry, and rumination followed by a 1-week daily diary procedure. Daily diaries assessed the following emotion categories: “tranquility,” “contentment,” “happiness,” “excitement,” “pride,” “sadness,” “boredom,” “guilt,” “fear,” and “anger.” Intensity, frequency, and differentiation were all calculated from daily emotion ratings. Psychopathology was associated with intensity and frequency of pleasant emotion, with intensity showing stronger associations. Intensity of contentment and happiness were most strongly associated with all three forms of psychopathology, whereas pride had the weakest associations. Psychopathology was associated with intensity and frequency of unpleasant emotions, with frequency tending to show stronger associations. Frequency of sadness and boredom were most strongly associated with depression, whereas the frequency and intensity of fear were similarly associated with depression and worry. Although psychopathology was associated with pleasant and unpleasant emotion differentiation, to our surprise, effect sizes were negligible to small.
KW - Depression
KW - Emotion
KW - Emotion differentiation
KW - Rumination
KW - Worry
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U2 - 10.1037/emo0001038
DO - 10.1037/emo0001038
M3 - Article
C2 - 34766792
AN - SCOPUS:85119611970
SN - 1528-3542
VL - 22
SP - 305
EP - 317
JO - Emotion
JF - Emotion
IS - 2
ER -