Institutional influences on the choice of organizational form: The case of franchising

James G. Combs, Steven C. Michael, Gary J. Castrogiovanni

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Current explanations for franchising assume that managers only pay attention to firm-specific economic factors. In contrast, the authors submit that social factors described by institutional theory will enhance understanding. Using a sample of 1,300 franchisors active during 1980 through 2000, the authors find evidence that both environmental and internal institutional pressures influence firms' propensity to franchise, but that responsiveness to internal institutional pressures declines as economic reasons to franchise increase. Overall, social factors appear to actively influence franchising, but their impact is muted by economic factors. The results also suggest that perhaps franchising is itself becoming an institutionalized norm. For researchers, institutional theory promises to be a fruitful avenue for increasing understanding about franchising. For franchisors, results highlight the value of systematic analysis of franchising decisions.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)1268-1290
Number of pages23
JournalJournal of Management
Volume35
Issue number5
DOIs
StatePublished - Oct 2009

Keywords

  • Franchising
  • Institutional theory
  • Organizational form
  • Panel data

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Finance
  • Strategy and Management

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