TY - JOUR
T1 - Influence of local sources and topography on air quality and rainwater composition in Cubatão and São Paulo, Brazil
AU - Vieira-Filho, Marcelo S.
AU - Lehmann, Christopher
AU - Fornaro, Adalgiza
N1 - Funding Information:
This research had supported by FAPESP (03/01194), Petrobras and CEPEMA/USP. The authors are grateful to the Meteorological Station (IAG/USP), CPTEC/INPE and INMET for the other atmospheric data. We also thank CAPES (PROEX, Meteorology Post-Graduation Program at USP) and CNPq for the student grants provided.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2014 Elsevier Ltd.
PY - 2015/1/1
Y1 - 2015/1/1
N2 - Wet deposition was measured in two urban areas of Brazil, Cubatão and São Paulo megacity (MASP), from July 2009 to August 2010. Cubatão is characterized by the large and complex industrial sector and MASP by a large vehicular fleet, and these different sources contributed to 15.5×106 and 25.5×106kgyear-1 of SO2 air emissions, respectively. The rainwater volume-weighted mean (VWM) pH values and [SO42-] in Cubatão and in MASP were 4.8 and 7.1μmolL-1, and 5.3 and 24.5μmolL-1, respectively. Regarding nitrogen content, the difference between reduced and oxidized nitrogen was more pronounced in MASP, where more than 61% of total nitrogen scavenged as NH4+. The wet-only sulfur deposition in Cubatão was 17.0kgSha-1y-1, which was 2.7-fold higher than that in MASP. Although the higher air pollutant emissions occur in MASP, the worst air quality and wet deposition has been observed in Cubatão due to the orographic conditions.
AB - Wet deposition was measured in two urban areas of Brazil, Cubatão and São Paulo megacity (MASP), from July 2009 to August 2010. Cubatão is characterized by the large and complex industrial sector and MASP by a large vehicular fleet, and these different sources contributed to 15.5×106 and 25.5×106kgyear-1 of SO2 air emissions, respectively. The rainwater volume-weighted mean (VWM) pH values and [SO42-] in Cubatão and in MASP were 4.8 and 7.1μmolL-1, and 5.3 and 24.5μmolL-1, respectively. Regarding nitrogen content, the difference between reduced and oxidized nitrogen was more pronounced in MASP, where more than 61% of total nitrogen scavenged as NH4+. The wet-only sulfur deposition in Cubatão was 17.0kgSha-1y-1, which was 2.7-fold higher than that in MASP. Although the higher air pollutant emissions occur in MASP, the worst air quality and wet deposition has been observed in Cubatão due to the orographic conditions.
KW - Megacity
KW - Rainwater chemistry
KW - Sulfate
KW - Sulfur dioxide
KW - Urban air pollution
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U2 - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.11.025
DO - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.11.025
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84912081085
SN - 1352-2310
VL - 101
SP - 200
EP - 208
JO - Atmospheric Environment
JF - Atmospheric Environment
ER -