TY - JOUR
T1 - Importance of small ice crystals to cirrus properties
T2 - Observations from the Tropical Warm Pool International Cloud Experiment (TWP-ICE)
AU - McFarquhar, Greg M.
AU - Um, Junshik
AU - Freer, Matt
AU - Baumgardner, Darrel
AU - Kok, Gregory L.
AU - Mace, Gerald
PY - 2007/7/16
Y1 - 2007/7/16
N2 - During the Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program (DOE ARM) sponsored Tropical Warm Pool International Cloud Experiment (TWP-ICE), ice crystals with maximum dimensions (D) < 50 μm were measured in aged cirrus and fresh anvils by a Cloud and Aerosol Spectrometer (CAS) and a Cloud Droplet Probe (CDP). The CAS/CDP ratio of the number concentrations of droplets with 3 < D < 50 μm, N3-50, averaged 0.98 ± 0.69 in liquid clouds. However, N3-50, measured by the CAS averaged 91 ± 127 times larger than N3-50 from the CDP in ice clouds. The CAS/CDP N3-50 ratio had a correlation coefficient of 0.387 with the concentration of particles with D > 100 μm measured by the Cloud Imaging Probe, suggesting that ice crystals may have been shattering or bouncing on the CAS inlet or protruding airflow shroud enhancing N>3-5 0,CAS. During the Costa Rica Aura Validation Experiment N3-50 ,CAS measured by a CAS without an airflow shroud were an order of magnitude less than those observed during TWP-ICE. This, and estimates of the maximum shattering based on the inlet and shroud sizes, suggest that the airflow shroud used during TWP-ICE was responsible for much of the shattering or bouncing.
AB - During the Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program (DOE ARM) sponsored Tropical Warm Pool International Cloud Experiment (TWP-ICE), ice crystals with maximum dimensions (D) < 50 μm were measured in aged cirrus and fresh anvils by a Cloud and Aerosol Spectrometer (CAS) and a Cloud Droplet Probe (CDP). The CAS/CDP ratio of the number concentrations of droplets with 3 < D < 50 μm, N3-50, averaged 0.98 ± 0.69 in liquid clouds. However, N3-50, measured by the CAS averaged 91 ± 127 times larger than N3-50 from the CDP in ice clouds. The CAS/CDP N3-50 ratio had a correlation coefficient of 0.387 with the concentration of particles with D > 100 μm measured by the Cloud Imaging Probe, suggesting that ice crystals may have been shattering or bouncing on the CAS inlet or protruding airflow shroud enhancing N>3-5 0,CAS. During the Costa Rica Aura Validation Experiment N3-50 ,CAS measured by a CAS without an airflow shroud were an order of magnitude less than those observed during TWP-ICE. This, and estimates of the maximum shattering based on the inlet and shroud sizes, suggest that the airflow shroud used during TWP-ICE was responsible for much of the shattering or bouncing.
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U2 - 10.1029/2007GL029865
DO - 10.1029/2007GL029865
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:34548624584
SN - 0094-8276
VL - 34
JO - Geophysical Research Letters
JF - Geophysical Research Letters
IS - 13
M1 - L13803
ER -