@article{73189f16970d4ecfb750cf5c85e60da5,
title = "Identities as predictors of vaccine hesitancy during the COVID-19 pandemic",
abstract = "Vaccine hesitancy is variable across individuals and contexts. Theoretical work suggests that group membership should differentially affect attitudes and behavior related to COVID-19 vaccines, as individuals draw on their identities and experiences relevant to their social groups to deal with uncertainty concerning the vaccines. The present work uses longitudinal survey data to explore how identity predicted vaccination attitudes in the U.S. before COVID-19 vaccines were widely available and which role-based or contextual variables influenced early vaccination decisions. We replicate these patterns in hesitancy with a larger and more racially diverse sample and identify whether encouragement from people with shared identities was important when participants made the decision to be vaccinated. Before the vaccines were widely available, higher SES predicted less hesitancy toward the COVID-19 vaccines, while being Black and/or having more conservative political orientation predicted more hesitancy. More conservative political orientation was a predictor of vaccine hesitancy across racial identities. While rationale for mistrust may vary by identity, vaccine trust is a significant predictor of early vaccination, and it is influenced by local norms surrounding the COVID-19 vaccines. Encouragement from shared group members was more important for women, liberal individuals, and younger individuals in making the decision to be vaccinated.",
author = "Heiman, {Samantha L.} and Hirt, {Edward R.} and Calvin Isch and Brinkworth, {Jessica F.} and Lee Cronk and Joe Alcock and Athena Aktipis and Todd, {Peter M.}",
note = "Funding Information: This study was funded by the Interdisciplinary Cooperation Initiative, ASU President's Office, the Cooperation Science Network, the Institute for Mental Health Research, the University of New Mexico, the Indiana University College of Arts & Sciences, the Rutgers University Center for Human Evolutionary Studies, the Charles Koch Foundation, and the John Templeton Foundation. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of our funders. IRB Statement: This project was granted exemption from the Institutional Review Board of Arizona State University (STUDY00011678). All participants in this study provided informed consent. Funding Information: This study was funded by the Interdisciplinary Cooperation Initiative, ASU President's Office, the Cooperation Science Network, the Institute for Mental Health Research, the University of New Mexico, the Indiana University College of Arts & Sciences, the Rutgers University Center for Human Evolutionary Studies, the Charles Koch Foundation, and the John Templeton Foundation. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of our funders. IRB Statement: This project was granted exemption from the Institutional Review Board of Arizona State University (STUDY00011678). All participants in this study provided informed consent. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 The Society for the Psychological Study of Social Issues.",
year = "2023",
month = jun,
doi = "10.1111/josi.12569",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "79",
pages = "556--577",
journal = "Journal of Social Issues",
issn = "0022-4537",
publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell",
number = "2",
}