Abstract
Current data center power delivery architectures consist of many cascaded power conversion stages, where the system-level power conversion efficiency is reduced each time the power is processed through the individual stages. Recently, series-stacked power delivery architectures have shown how the overall power conversion can be reduced through architectural changes, reporting above 99% system-level power conversion efficiencies for data centers. In this paper, we contribute to the development of the series-stacked power delivery architectures by addressing the important hot-swapping challenge, without sacrificing the high power conversion efficiency. We analyze the hot-swapped operation of the series-stacked architecture, and experimentally validate it on a testbed that includes four series-connected 12 V, 120 W servers and four custom-designed differential converters with associated circuitry for hot-swapping. The results show that continuous operation of the series-stacked servers can be maintained while a server is hot-swapped without a significant reduction in the high power conversion efficiency.
Original language | English (US) |
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Article number | 7782790 |
Pages (from-to) | 8071-8088 |
Number of pages | 18 |
Journal | IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics |
Volume | 32 |
Issue number | 10 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Oct 2017 |
Keywords
- Bidirectional power flow
- dc-dc power converters
- differential power processing
- high efficiency data center power delivery
- hot-swapping
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Electrical and Electronic Engineering