Host plant records of Antherina Suraka (Boisduval, 1833) (Saturniidae) in Madagascar

The larval stage of Antherina suraka (Boisduval) (Saturniidae) consumes leaves of plant species from 23 families. These host plant species belong mainly to families in the subclass Rosidae, although those in the family Oleaceae and Apocynaceae from another subclass (Asteridae) are nearly as numerous as those in the family Rosaceae. Documentation and field surveys from 2008 to 2011 in different regions of Madagascar enabled an update of the list of the host plants of A. suraka. As few records of host plants exist and no immature stages were found in the dry areas, in contrast with other regions of Madagascar, further studies of A. suraka in these special ecosystems will provide interesting ecological data. The discovery of several host plant species endemic to Madagascar showed that, although A. suraka has adapted to feed on non-native species in disturbed sites throughout its range, it remains reliant on native forests. Determination of its host availability in each region constitutes an important step in prioritizing the conservation of the edges of the remaining endangered forests, as it might help establish sericulture that can reduce deforestation by improving the livelihood of local people.