Host defensive response against an egg parasitoid involves cellular encapsulation and melanization

Darcy A. Reed; Katharine A. Luhring; Candice A. Stafford; Allison K. Hansen; Jocelyn G. Millar; Lawrence M. Hanks; Timothy D. Paine

doi:10.1016/j.biocontrol.2007.01.010

Host defensive response against an egg parasitoid involves cellular encapsulation and melanization

Darcy A. Reed, Katharine A. Luhring, Candice A. Stafford, Allison K. Hansen, Jocelyn G. Millar, Lawrence M. Hanks, Timothy D. Paine

Entomology

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

The egg parasitoid Avetianella longoi Siscaro attacks two species of eucalyptus longhorned borers (Phoracantha semipunctata F. and P. recurva Newman) in southern California. During the past decade, P. recurva has replaced P. semipunctata as the dominant borer species, apparently due to differential rates of parasitism. The present study reveals that this replacement is due in part to a physiological defensive response mounted by one species (P. recurva) against parasitoid eggs and larvae, similar to the encapsulation/melanization immune response observed in larval host/parasitoid systems. Fluorescence microscopy and vital dyes confirmed that the defensive response was cellular in nature. Both Phoracantha species exhibited a cellular wound-healing response around the wasp egg pedicel, but the encapsulation of the wasp eggs/larvae was elicited only in eggs of P. recurva. This is the first conclusive evidence that hosts in the egg stage can mount a cellular immune response against a metazoan parasitoid, and may provide insight into the mechanisms underlying the host specificity of many egg parasitoids.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	214-222
Number of pages	9
Journal	Biological Control
Volume	41
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2007.01.010
State	Published - May 2007

Keywords

Cellular encapsulation
Cerambycidae
Egg parasitoid
Encyrtidae
Host specificity
Insect immunity

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Agronomy and Crop Science
Insect Science

Online availability

10.1016/j.biocontrol.2007.01.010

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@article{df154466522a44f2a509a31305acbbb4,

title = "Host defensive response against an egg parasitoid involves cellular encapsulation and melanization",

abstract = "The egg parasitoid Avetianella longoi Siscaro attacks two species of eucalyptus longhorned borers (Phoracantha semipunctata F. and P. recurva Newman) in southern California. During the past decade, P. recurva has replaced P. semipunctata as the dominant borer species, apparently due to differential rates of parasitism. The present study reveals that this replacement is due in part to a physiological defensive response mounted by one species (P. recurva) against parasitoid eggs and larvae, similar to the encapsulation/melanization immune response observed in larval host/parasitoid systems. Fluorescence microscopy and vital dyes confirmed that the defensive response was cellular in nature. Both Phoracantha species exhibited a cellular wound-healing response around the wasp egg pedicel, but the encapsulation of the wasp eggs/larvae was elicited only in eggs of P. recurva. This is the first conclusive evidence that hosts in the egg stage can mount a cellular immune response against a metazoan parasitoid, and may provide insight into the mechanisms underlying the host specificity of many egg parasitoids.",

keywords = "Cellular encapsulation, Cerambycidae, Egg parasitoid, Encyrtidae, Host specificity, Insect immunity",

author = "Reed, {Darcy A.} and Luhring, {Katharine A.} and Stafford, {Candice A.} and Hansen, {Allison K.} and Millar, {Jocelyn G.} and Hanks, {Lawrence M.} and Paine, {Timothy D.}",

note = "Funding Information: We thank Jose Arredondo, Maria Esqueda, Luis Martinez, Mariana Krugner, and Alex Veasey for their assistance with insect rearing, and Sarjeet Gill and Gregory Walker for use of their microscopy equipment. This project was funded by USDA-CSREES Grant No. 99-353-2-8818 (awarded to L.M.H., J.G.M., and T.D.P.) and USDA-UCIPM EPDRP Grant No. 02XU027 (J.G.M. and T.D.P.). ",

year = "2007",

month = may,

doi = "10.1016/j.biocontrol.2007.01.010",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "41",

pages = "214--222",

journal = "Biological Control",

issn = "1049-9644",

publisher = "Academic Press Inc.",

number = "2",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Host defensive response against an egg parasitoid involves cellular encapsulation and melanization

AU - Reed, Darcy A.

AU - Luhring, Katharine A.

AU - Stafford, Candice A.

AU - Hansen, Allison K.

AU - Millar, Jocelyn G.

AU - Hanks, Lawrence M.

AU - Paine, Timothy D.

N1 - Funding Information: We thank Jose Arredondo, Maria Esqueda, Luis Martinez, Mariana Krugner, and Alex Veasey for their assistance with insect rearing, and Sarjeet Gill and Gregory Walker for use of their microscopy equipment. This project was funded by USDA-CSREES Grant No. 99-353-2-8818 (awarded to L.M.H., J.G.M., and T.D.P.) and USDA-UCIPM EPDRP Grant No. 02XU027 (J.G.M. and T.D.P.).

PY - 2007/5

Y1 - 2007/5

N2 - The egg parasitoid Avetianella longoi Siscaro attacks two species of eucalyptus longhorned borers (Phoracantha semipunctata F. and P. recurva Newman) in southern California. During the past decade, P. recurva has replaced P. semipunctata as the dominant borer species, apparently due to differential rates of parasitism. The present study reveals that this replacement is due in part to a physiological defensive response mounted by one species (P. recurva) against parasitoid eggs and larvae, similar to the encapsulation/melanization immune response observed in larval host/parasitoid systems. Fluorescence microscopy and vital dyes confirmed that the defensive response was cellular in nature. Both Phoracantha species exhibited a cellular wound-healing response around the wasp egg pedicel, but the encapsulation of the wasp eggs/larvae was elicited only in eggs of P. recurva. This is the first conclusive evidence that hosts in the egg stage can mount a cellular immune response against a metazoan parasitoid, and may provide insight into the mechanisms underlying the host specificity of many egg parasitoids.

AB - The egg parasitoid Avetianella longoi Siscaro attacks two species of eucalyptus longhorned borers (Phoracantha semipunctata F. and P. recurva Newman) in southern California. During the past decade, P. recurva has replaced P. semipunctata as the dominant borer species, apparently due to differential rates of parasitism. The present study reveals that this replacement is due in part to a physiological defensive response mounted by one species (P. recurva) against parasitoid eggs and larvae, similar to the encapsulation/melanization immune response observed in larval host/parasitoid systems. Fluorescence microscopy and vital dyes confirmed that the defensive response was cellular in nature. Both Phoracantha species exhibited a cellular wound-healing response around the wasp egg pedicel, but the encapsulation of the wasp eggs/larvae was elicited only in eggs of P. recurva. This is the first conclusive evidence that hosts in the egg stage can mount a cellular immune response against a metazoan parasitoid, and may provide insight into the mechanisms underlying the host specificity of many egg parasitoids.

KW - Cellular encapsulation

KW - Cerambycidae

KW - Egg parasitoid

KW - Encyrtidae

KW - Host specificity

KW - Insect immunity

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U2 - 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2007.01.010

DO - 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2007.01.010

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:34047145527

SN - 1049-9644

VL - 41

SP - 214

EP - 222

JO - Biological Control

JF - Biological Control

IS - 2

ER -

Host defensive response against an egg parasitoid involves cellular encapsulation and melanization

Abstract

Keywords

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